北京市成人血、发及脏器的铅、镉背景值

以中学教师和北京市瘁死居民为对象，在严格的质量保证措施下，对北京市居民血、发和脏器铅、镉背景值进行了研究。结果表明，北京市男性吸烟者、不吸烟者及女性不吸烟者的血铅均值分别为８５．０、７４．６和５６．７μｇ／Ｌ，血镉为２．２３、０．７８和０．８３μｇ／Ｌ，其９５％上限值血铅分别为１６０．２、１３１．４和１０７μｇ／Ｌ，血镉分别为６．５、１．９８和１．９５μｇ／Ｌ。各脏器（鲜重，以下同）铅、镉背景值分别为：肝，０．２２和０．８４ｍｇ／ｋｇ；肺，０．１１和０．１７ｍｇ／ｋｇ；心，０．０１４和０．０１２ｍｇ／ｋｇ；脾，０．０３８和０．０７１ｍｇ／ｋｇ；肾，０．０７９和３．９３ｍｇ／ｋｇ；肌肉，０．０５８和０．０２７ｍｇ／ｋｇ，并讨论了血、发和各脏器铅镉含量间的相关性及其意义。

Studies on reference value for lead and cadmium of blood,hair and tissues of adults in Beijing

Blood, hair and tissues specimens of adults were collected and analyzed for establishing the reference value of lead and cadmium. The results indicated that the geometric mean of lead and cadmium tor mansmoker , man- nonsmoker and woman- nonsmoker were 85.0,74.6 and 56.7μg/L for Pb,2.23,0.78 and 0.81μg/L for Cd.respectively,And the 95%upper limit were 160.2, 131. 4 and 107.0μg/L for Pb and 6.5,1.98and 1. 95 μg/L for Cd,respectively. The reference value of Pb and Cd for tissues were 0.22 and 0.84 mg/kg for liver,0.11 and 0.17 for lung,0.014 and 0.012 mg/kg for heart,0.038 and 0.071 mg/kg for spleen,0.079 and 3.93 mg/kg for the kidney and 0.058 and 0.027 mg/kg for muscle. The relations between lead and cadmium in blood, hair and tissues were analyzed and their biological meanings were discussed.