山东省中西部地区农村居民膳食结构和营养状况调查

目的了解山东省中西部农村居民的膳食营养状况，为改善农村居民膳食结构，提高居民健康水平提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法，抽取山东省中西部8个县（市、区），每个县（市、区）随机抽取2个乡镇，每个乡镇随机抽取2个村，每个村按系统抽样方法共调查11987人。膳食调查采用食物频率法收集调查对象过去一年中各种食物消费频率及消费量。结果山东省中西部地区农村居民平均每标准人日粮谷类食物摄入量为553．9g，新鲜蔬菜为310．6g，水果为58．2g，畜禽肉类为36．3g，蛋类为50．1g，奶类为16．7g，豆类34．4g，油脂为44．8g，食盐为12．3g；每标准人日能量摄人量为12095．6kJ，碳水化合物为451．8g，蛋白质为85．6g，脂肪为78．8g，膳食纤维为18．7g；粮谷类食物供能占总能量的66．1％，动物性食物供能占6．6％；碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪供能分别占总能量的63．2％，12．0％，24．8％；来源于动物性食物的脂肪占24．o％，来源于植物性脂肪占76．0％。结论山东省中西部地区农村居民能量、蛋白质、脂肪摄入量充足，蔬菜水果、豆类、动物性食品摄入量偏低，而植物油、食盐的摄入量偏高。

Study on Dietary Pattern and Nutrition Status among Rural Residents in Midwestern Rural Area of Shandong Province

Objective To determine the dietary nutritional status of rural residents in Midwestern Shandong Province, in order to improve the dietary pattern and health status of them. Method 11 987 residents, from 10 273 households, were included in this study by multi-stage randomized cluster sampling in 8 counties located in Midwestem Shandong Province. Questionnaire of Food Frequency （QFF） was applied to collect the information about the amount and frequency of food consumed by the subjects in the past year. Results The average intake of cereal, vegetable, fruit, meat, egg, milk, bean, oil and salt per reference man per day was 553.9 g, 310.6 g, 58.2 g, 36.3 g, 50.1 g,16.7 g, 34.4 g, 44.8 g and 12.3 g, respectively. The average intake of energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat and dietary fiber per reference man per day was 12 095.6 kJ, 451.8 g, 85.6 g, 78.8 g and 18.7 g as well. Cereal food provides 66.1% of total energy; however, the meat provides only 6.6% of that. Carbohydrate, protein and fat amount to around 63.2%, 12.0% and 24.8% of total energy, respectively. 24.0% of fat intake was from animal food, while 76% of that was from vegetable food. Conclusions The intake of energy, protein, fat was sufficient for these subjects; however, the intake of vegetable, fruit, bean and meat was lower than the dietary reference intake. Moreover, oil and salt intake in these subjects was much higher than Chinese Recommended Nutrient Intakes. Thus, the amelioration of dietary pattern in rural residents will be an important task for nutrition workers in rural area of Midwestern part of Shandong Province in the future.