社会建成环境与儿童肥胖的循证研究

  目的  综合评价小区建成环境、食品快餐店分布等社会建成环境对儿童肥胖发生的影响, 为中国儿童肥胖防控策略制定提供证据支持。  方法  采用系统评价方法，检索中国知网(CNKI)、维普网(VIP)、万方数据知识服务平台(Wanfang Data)、PubMed、Medline、SpringerLink、Web of Science、Science Direct等8个中外文献数据库建库至2020年11月30日国内外公开发表的有关研究文献，2016年及之后的高质量系统评价研究文献直接采纳，2016年之前的高质量系统评价文献与之后的相关文献进行合并后分析。  结果  共纳入文献20篇进行综合评价，包括系统综述、队列研究、随机对照试验研究和横断面研究。居住区域附近步行适宜性高，可增加儿童身体活动水平，降低其肥胖发生风险。周边快餐类食品售卖环境，增加肥胖发生风险；而大型超市或健康食品售卖环境，可降低其肥胖发生风险。  结论  提高居住区域步行适宜性、降低不健康快餐售卖密度，有利于降低儿童肥胖的发生风险。

Evidence-based systematic review on the association between social built environment and childhood obesity

  Objective  To evaluate the impact of community built environment and the distribution of fast food restaurants on childhood obesity, and to provide evidence support for childhood obesity prevention and control strategies in China.  Methods  A systematic review method was used to search relevant literatures published to November 30, 2020 from 8 databases including CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data, PubMed, SpringerLink, Web of Science, Science Direct. The high-quality system reviews published since 2016 were included directly, and those published before 2016 were reviewed before combined with other literatures.  Results  A total of 20 articles were included for evaluation, including systematic reviews, cohort studies, randomized controlled trials and cross-sectional studies. High walkability near the living area could increase children's physical activity levels and reduce the risk of obesity. The fast-food sales environment increased the risk of obesity; while large supermarkets or health food sales environment could reduce the risk of obesity.  Conclusion  Improving walking suitability in residential areas and reducing the density of unhealthy fast-food sales could help decrease the risk of childhood obesity.