颈动脉粥样硬化易损斑块超声标志与脑血管疾病关系的研究进展

颈动脉粥样硬化易损斑块与缺血性脑血管事件的发生密切相关。颈动脉超声不仅可以量 化颈动脉狭窄程度，还可以评估颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的易损性。三维超声可定量评估颈动脉粥样硬 化斑块的体积，超声造影可显示斑块内新生血管的密度及分布区域，剪切波弹性成像可测定斑块组 织的硬度，反映斑块不同部位的组织成分。颈动脉超声技术的发展使其在缺血性卒中诊疗领域中的 应用更加广泛，对颈动脉血流动力学和管壁的评价更加精确，有助于临床判断脑血管事件的风险并 进行相应的干预。

Progress of Relationship between Ultrasound Biomarkers of Vulnerable Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque and Cerebrovascular Disease

Vulnerable carotid plaques are closely related to the occurrence of ischemic cerebrovascular events. Carotid ultrasound can not only quantify the degree of carotid stenosis, but also evaluate the vulnerability of carotid plaques. Three-dimensional ultrasound can quantitatively evaluate the volume of carotid plaques. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can detect the density and distribution of intraplaque neovascularization. Shear wave elastography can evaluate plaque hardness which reflects the components of different parts of plaque. The development of carotid ultrasound makes it more widely applied in the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke, and the evaluation of carotid artery hemodynamics and vessel wall more accurate, which are helpful to assess the risk of cerebrovascular events and take interventions timely.