海南省2005—2019年首次接受艾滋病抗病毒治疗病人的流行病学特征

目的 了解海南省2005—2019年艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病病人（human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,HIV/AIDS）开始抗病毒治疗（antiretroviral therapy,ART）时的流行病学特征。方法 收集海南省2005—2019年首次接受艾滋病抗病毒治疗的HIV/AIDS病人基线相关资料进行回顾性分析。结果 3 301例研究对象中,男性占85.8%,男女性别比为6.05∶1;平均年龄为（35.95±13.37）岁;未婚者占53.6%;感染途径以性传播为主,占82.4%;WHO临床分期Ⅰ期者占82.9%;治疗病人治疗前基线CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数M（P₂₅,P₇₅）为271（139,391）个/mm³;从确诊到开始治疗的时间间隔中位数为1.35个月。2005—2019年首次接受抗病毒治疗的HIV/AIDS 病人中,男性、未婚者、≥50岁年龄组、同性性传播感染者、治疗时临床分期为Ⅰ期、确诊到治疗的时间间隔小于1个月者的构成比呈增加趋势,CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数<200个/mm³者的构成比呈逐年下降趋势( P<0.001)。结论 海南省艾滋病抗病毒治疗以青壮年男性为主,其覆盖面逐渐扩大,治疗时机有所提前,应进一步采取有效措施,早发现,早治疗。

Epidemiology characteristics among HIV/AIDS patients receiving initial antiretroviral therapy in Hainan, 2005-2019

Objective To understand the epidemiology characteristics among human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients receiving free antiretroviral therapy in Hainan from 2005 to 2019. Methods The basic information of HIV/AIDS newly joined the antiretroviral therapy were collected in Hainan province during 2005 to 2019 and statistical analysis was conducted. Results A total of 3 301 patients were enrolled, 85.8%% were male. The sex ratio of male to female was 6.05∶1. The average age was (35.95±13.37) years old. 53.6% were unmarried . 82.4% were sexual transmission. 82.9% were in clinical phase I. The average M(P₂₅,P₇₅) of CD4⁺T cell counts was 271 (139,391) cells/mm³ on baseline. Median of the interval between HIV confirmation and ART initiation was 1.35 months. Proportion of HIV/AIDS patients that were male, unmarried, the age group above 50 years, homosexual (MSM) transmission, WHO clinical phase I, the interval between the time of HIV confirmation and ART initiation less than or equal to 1 month showed an increasing trend. Proportion of HIV/AIDS patients that baseline CD4⁺T cell count less than 200 cells/mm³ showed an downward trend (P<0.001). Conclusion s The main patient was young and middle-aged males. The coverage of HIV/AIDS patients receiving free antiretroviral therapy gradually expanded and the ART time was earlier than before in Hainan. The effective measures should be taken to identify the HIV/AIDS patients and start early treatment.