广东省中山市2018—2019年沙门菌血清型分布、耐药性及分子分型

目的 了解中山市沙门菌的血清型分布、分子分型特征以及对抗生素的耐药情况。方法 对2018—2019年中山市哨点医院以及食物中毒事件采集检出的沙门菌进行血清型分型,采用微量肉汤稀释法（MIC）对15种药物进行药物敏感试验,应用脉冲场凝胶电泳法（pulse-field gel electrophoresis, PFGE）对3种优势血清型沙门菌进行分子分型。结果 509株沙门菌共鉴定出44种血清型,优势血清型为鼠伤寒沙门菌单相变种（173/509,34.0%）、鼠伤寒沙门菌（107/509,21.0%）、肠炎沙门菌（93/509,18.3%）和斯坦利沙门菌（21/509,4.1%）。179株沙门菌中耐药菌株占93.9%（168/179）,多重耐药菌株占85.5%（153/179）。共产生82种耐药谱,最常见的耐药谱为AMP-AMS-TET-CHL-SXT-CFZ-Sul和AMP-TET-CHL-SXT-Sul。暂未检出对亚胺培南耐药的菌株,对其余14种试验药物均存在耐药现象,其中对氨苄西林、四环素、磺胺异噁唑、氯霉素、复方新诺明耐药率均超过60%。耐受10种及以上抗生素的菌株有22株,占12.3%（22/179）。42株鼠伤寒沙门菌单相变种分出40个PFGE带型,各型别相似度为52.2%~100.0%;32株鼠伤寒沙门菌分出24个PFGE带型,各型别相似度为48.9%~100.0%;21株肠炎沙门菌分出9个PFGE带型,各型别相似度为55.5%~100.0%。结论 中山市沙门菌血清型主要为鼠伤寒沙门菌单相变种、鼠伤寒沙门菌和肠炎沙门菌,多重耐药现象严重,PFGE分子分型结果呈多样性。

Serotype distribution,drug resistance and molecular typing of Salmonella in Zhongshan,Guangdong, 2018-2019

Objective To study the serotype distribution,molecular typing feature and drug resistance of Salmonella in Zhongshan. Methods The serotyping of Salmonella were collected in sentinel hospitals and food poisoning incident of Zhongshan from 2018 to 2019. The drug resistance analysis of 15 drugs was determined by micro broth dilution method (MIC). Molecular typing of 3 predominant serotypes of Salmonella was performed by pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results The 509 strains of Salmonella were divided into 44 serotypes, and the predominant serotypes were monophasic variant of S. Typhimurium (173/509, 34.0%), S. Typhimurium (107/509, 21.0%), S. Enteritidis (93/509, 18.3%) and S. Stanley (21/509, 4.1%). 93.9% (168/179) of the 179 Salmonella strains were drug-resistant, and multidrug resistant strains accounted for 85.5% (153/179), a total of 82 kinds of drug resistance spectrum were found, the most common drug resistance spectrum were AMP-AMS-TET-CHL-SXT-CFZ-Sul and AMP-TET-CHL-SXT-Sul. The 179 Salmonella strains were susceptible to imipenem, but showed different degree of drug resistance to other 14 antimicrobials, the resistance rates to ampicillin, tetracycline, sulfisoxazole, chloramphenicol, compound sulfamethoxazole were above 60%. 22 strains were resistant to 10 or more antibiotics, accounting for 12.3% (22/179). 42 strains of monophasic variant of S. Typhimurium were divided into 40 PFGE fingerprints, with similarity of 52.2%-100.0%; 32 strains of S. Typhimurium were divided into 24 PFGE fingerprints, with similarity of 48.9%-100.0%, 21 strains of S. Enteritidis were divided into 9 PFGE fingerprints, with similarity of 55.5%-100.0%. Conclusion Monophasic variant of S. Typhimurium, S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis are the predominant serotypes in Zhongshan, the multidrug resistance of Salmonella was serious, the PFGE molecular typing results presented diversity.