围绝经期妇女人体组成成分变化

围绝经期是妇女人体组成成分变化的重要时期,在该时期体质量及体脂率增加,而骨量及肌肉量下降,这些变化增加了多种疾病的发病风险。进行人体成分分析可以有效评估不同生理及病理情况下人体成分的组成,同时比较不同生活方式下人体组成成分的改变。就围绝经期妇女人体组成成分变化以及生活方式干预及激素替代治疗对这一时期身体成分影响的研究进行综述,建议围绝经期妇女优化饮食结构,进行持续和有规律的运动以防止体质量增加和腹部脂肪沉积,增加肌肉量,减慢骨量丢失,从而抵消绝经相关身体组成成分的不利变化。生活方式干预是应对围绝经期身体成分不利变化的主要方法,关于激素替代治疗的疗效和长期安全性还需要进一步的研究。

Changes of Human Body Composition in Perimenopausal Women: A Review

Perimenopause is an important period of the changes in women′s body composition. Body weight and body fat percentage increase during this period, while bone and muscle mass decrease. These changes increase the risk of many diseases. The human body composition analysis can effectively evaluate the composition of human body under both physiological and pathological conditions, and compare the changes of body composition with the lifestyle. We review the change of body composition in perimenopausal women and the effect of lifestyle intervention and hormone replacement therapy on body composition. It is recommended that perimenopausal women optimize diet, engage in continuous and regular physical activity during mid-life to prevent weight gain and abdominal fat deposition, increase muscle mass, and slow down bone loss, so as to offset the adverse changes in body composition associated with menopause. The behavioral changes during perimenopausal period is the main therapy to prevent the adverse change in body composition. It is also necessary to study furtherly the efficacy and long-term safety of estradiol formulations.