新冠肺炎疫情防控常态化阶段某医科大学医学生知信行现状调查

目的 了解新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情防控常态化阶段医学生COVID-19知信行现状,为高校开展COVID-19防控工作提供参考。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法,于2020年4—5月从某医科大学随机抽取不同专业、不同年级合计84个班级全部学生,采用结构式自编问卷进行线上调查。结果 共回收有效问卷2 245份,其中临床医学、预防医学、护理学、临床药学和卫生检验与检疫专业学生分别为805人（35.8%）、435人（19.4%）、667人（29.7%）、132人（5.9%）和206人（9.2%）。COVID-19知识综合得分为（9.42±1.47）分,知晓率为91.2%。不同专业、年级、年龄和家庭人均年收入的学生COVID-19知识综合得分差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05或P<0.01）;Logistic回归分析结果显示,年级是医学生COVID-19知晓情况的影响因素（P<0.05）。获取COVID-19知识的主要途径是微博、微信等社交平台（87.5%）和电视广播（82.1%）。学生“关注COVID-19疫情”态度持有率为96.1%,“积极预防COVID-19”态度持有率为99.7%,仅10.0%的学生感到恐惧焦虑。消毒、洗手和戴口罩等健康行为增加的医学生分别占73.1%、83.8%和90.7%,46.3%的医学生减少了“体育锻炼”健康行为。结论 医学生COVID-19知信行情况良好,年级是医学生COVID-19知晓情况的影响因素。高校与相关部门应根据学生不同特征开展健康教育,提高健康素养,降低校园感染风险。

Investigation of knowledge,attitude and practice of students in a medical university during the normalized phase of COVID-19

Objective To investigate the status of knowledge, attitude and practice of COVID-19 among medical students during the normalized phase of COVID-19, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of COVID-19 for universities. Methods Using stratified cluster random sampling method to selected 84 classes with different majors and grades from a medical university from April to May in 2020, and structured self-designed questionnaire was used for online survey. Results A total of 2 245 valid questionnaires were collected, among which 805 students （35.8%）, 435 students （19.4%）, 667 students （29.7%）, 132 students （5.9%） and 206 students （9.2%） majored in clinical medicine, preventive medicine, nursing, clinical pharmacy, and health inspection and quarantine, respectively. The comprehensive knowledge score of COVID-19 was （9.42±1.47）, and the awareness rate was 91.2%. There were statistically significant differences in COVID-19 knowledge among students of different majors, grades, ages and household annual income per capita （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that grade was the influential factor for COVID-19 cognition of medical students （P<0.05）. The main ways to obtain the knowledge of COVID-19 were microblog, wechat and other social platforms （87.5%） and television broadcasting （82.1%）. 96.1% of the students paid close attention to the epidemic situation; 99.7% of the students had a positive attitude towards COVID-19 prevention; only 10.0% of the students felt fear and anxiety. 73.1%, 83.8% and 90.7% of medical students whose frequency of disinfection, washing hands and wearing masks were increased, respectively. And 46.3% of medical students whose frequency of participating in the exercise was decrease. Conclusion Medical students have a good knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19, and grade is the influencing factor. Universities and relevant departments should carry out health education according to different characteristics of students, improve their health literacy and reduce the risk of campus infection.