甘肃省定西市2015—2020年人群土源性线虫病感染监测分析

目的 调查分析甘肃省定西市人群土源性线虫病流行状况,探究感染分布特点和高危人群。方法 按照土源性线虫病监测方案,2015—2020年,在定西市7县（区）中每年选一个县,按地理方位选取5个乡, 其中随机选择1个自然村为调查点,采用整群随机抽样法抽取调查对象,采集调查对象的粪便样本,采用改良加藤厚涂片法检测土源性线虫虫卵,对3~9岁儿童用透明胶纸肛拭法检测蛲虫卵。结果 调查6 440人,蛲虫检测1 115人,检出土源性线虫感染者100例,总感染率为1.55%,其中,蛔虫感染者98例（1.52%）,蛲虫感染者2例（0.18%）,无钩虫、鞭虫感染者。土源性线虫感染类型主要为蛔虫。人群蛔虫感染率漳县最高（3.34%）,通渭县次之（3.18%）,临洮县最低（0.20%）。蛔虫感染率男性（1.60%）高于女性（1.44%）。人群普遍易感蛔虫,感染率最高年龄组为0~<5岁组（5.32%）,其次为5~<10岁组（2.24%）。职业分布以学龄前儿童蛔虫感染率最高（4.27%）。学历以小学学历蛔虫感染率最高（1.64%）,其次为文盲或半文盲（1.54%）。结论 0~<5岁人群和文化程度较低者更易感染土源性线虫,防治的重点人群为学龄前儿童和农民。

Surveillance analysis of soil-transmitted nematode disease infection in the population of Dingxi,Gansu, 2015-2020

Objective To investigate and analyze the prevalence of soil-borne nematodes in the population of Dingxi City, and we explore the distribution characteristics of infection and high-risk populations. Methods According to the soil-transmitted nematode disease monitoring plan, a county selected in 7 counties (districts) in Dingxi City of Gansu Province each year from 2015 to 2020, then 5 towns selected by different geographical location in the county and a village determined for monitoring points by random selection, a cluster random sampling method was used to select the population. The fecal samples from survey subjects collected, Kato-Katz thick smear technique applied to detect soil-derived nematode eggs, and for children aged 3 to 9 years, anal swab by gummed tape test used for examining pinworm eggs. Results A total of 6 440 people were investigated, and 1 115 were tested for pinworms. And 100 cases of soil-derived nematode infection were detected. The total infection rate was 1.55%. Among them, 98 cases (1.52%) were infected with A. lumbricoides and 2 cases (0.18%) were infected with pinworms, and no hookworm or whipworm infection. The main type of soil-borne nematode infection was A. lumbricoides. The population infection rate of A. lumbricoides was the highest in Zhang County (3.34%), followed with Tongwei County(3.18%) and the lowest in Lintao County (0.20%). The infection rate of A. lumbricoides in men (1.60%) was higher than that in women (1.44%). The population was generally susceptible to A. lumbricoides, and the age groups with the highest infection rates was the 0-<5 year-old group (5.32%) and followed by the 5-<10 year-old group (2.24%). Occupational distribution was preschool children with the highest rate of A. lumbricoides infection (4.27%). The infection rate of A. lumbricoides with primary school education was the highest (1.64%), followed by illiterate or semi-illiterate (1.54%). Conclusion sPeople aged 0-5 years and those with lower educational level are more susceptible to soil-borne nematodes. The key populations for prevention and control are preschool children and farmers.