篮球锻炼对肥胖初中生体成分干预效果评价

  目的  探讨不同强度篮球锻炼对肥胖初中生体成分的干预效果，为肥胖初中生制定减肥降脂计划提供理论支持。  方法  2020年9—11月，运用典型抽样法，在武汉光谷实验中学抽取48名单纯性肥胖初中生为研究对象，将其分为大、中、小强度篮球训练组和对照组(各12名)，对实验组进行为期12周，3次/周，45 min/次不同运动强度的篮球锻炼干预，对照组不做干预，并对干预前后体成分指标进行统计比较。  结果  经过12周小强度篮球锻炼后，肥胖初中生体脂百分比干预后(32.16±2.26)%与干预前(34.44±2.35)%相比差异有统计学意义(t=3.52，P < 0.05)，体重、BMI、腰围、骨骼肌干预前后差异均无统计学意义(t值分别为2.31，1.98，1.26，-1.65，P值均 > 0.05)。中强度篮球锻炼对肥胖初中生的体重、体质量指数(BMI)、体脂百分比和腰围在干预前后差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为3.44，3.76，6.56，2.45，P值均 < 0.05)。高强度篮球锻炼后，所有指标干预前后差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为4.14，5.18，11.26，5.89，-2.56，P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  12周篮球锻炼可以有效地改善肥胖初中生体成分的各项指标，高强度篮球锻炼的效果最好，其次为中、小强度，锻炼强度越大效果越好。

Effectiveness of basketball exercise on body composition among obese junior middle school students

  Objective  To investigate effectiveness of different intensities of basketball exercise on body compositions among obese junior middle school students, and to provide theoretical support for healthy weight loss among obese children and adolescents.  Methods  From September to November 2020, a typical sampling method was used to select 48 obese junior middle school students were recruited from Wuhan Optical Valley Experimental Middle School according to body mass index(BMI), all the students were divided into high, moderate and low-intensity basketball training group, as well as the control group, the 45 min per times basketball exercise intervention was administered three times per week for 12 weeks, while the control group did not received no intervention, body composition was assessed before and after intervention.  Results  After 12 weeks of low-intensity basketball exercise, the percentage of body fat of obese junior high school students after intervention was significantly higher than that before intervention (t=3.52, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in other indexes body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal musclebetween before and after intervention (t=2.31, 1.98, 1.26, -1.65, P > 0.05). For moderate-intensity basketball exercise group obdy weight, BMI, percentage of body fat and waist circumference showed statistical changes before and after intervention(t=3.44, 3.76, 6.56, 2.45, P < 0.05). For high-intensity basketball exercise group, all body composition indicators showed significant changes(t=4.14, 5.18, 11.26, 5.89, -2.56, P < 0.05).  Conclusion  Twelve weeks of basketball exercise can effectively improve body composition of obese junior middle school students, with higher the intensity of exercise, the better the effectiveness. Exercise movement techniques; Basketball; Obesity; Intervention studies; Students