广州地区肺炎支原体感染儿童血清流行病学调查分析

目的 调查小儿肺炎支原体(mycoplasma pneumoniae, MP)感染发病率、性别、发病季节及发病年龄分布。方法 用SERODIA^@-MYCOⅡ颗粒凝集方法对本院住院及门诊呼吸道感染儿童做血清肺炎支原体抗体(MP-IgM)检测。结果 3年共检测肺炎儿童5 924例, 阳性数为2 321例, 阳性率为39.13%;男性患儿阳性率34.403%(1 208/3 512), 低于女性患儿阳性率46.14%(1 113/2 412), 差异有统计意义(χ²=82.82, P<0.01)。MP抗体阳性率最高季节在第4季度(10-12月), 为42.00% (625/1 488), 其次在第1季度(1-3月), 为41.25% (528/1 280)。按年龄共分为14组, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);0~1岁年龄段MP阳性率最低为13.55%, 其次为1~2岁年龄段和2~3岁年龄段MP阳性率, 9~10岁年龄段MP阳性率最高为65.03%, 5~14岁年龄范围MP阳性率保持较高水平约51%~65%, 可见儿童MP阳性率随着年龄增长而增长。2010-2012年MP抗体阳性率无统计意义。结论 MP阳性率女性高于男性, MP感染的高峰期第1季度和第4季度, MP感染的好发年龄范围为5~14岁之间, 2010-2012年期间的3年MP阳性率一致, 临床上应加强对肺炎支原体肺炎的检测和防治。

Investigation and analysis of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children in Guangzhou seroepidemiological.

Objective To survey of pediatric mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection incidence, sex, onset season and age distribution. Method SERODIA^@-MYCO Ⅱ particle agglutination method on the inpatient and outpatient children with respiratory tract infection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibodies in the serum (MP-IgM) test. Results In 3 years, 5 924 cases of pneumonia in children were detected, positive for 2 321 cases, the positive rate was 39.13%;Male children were 34.40% (1 208/3 512), lower than female children with 46.14% (1 113/2 412), the difference had statistical significance (χ²= 82.82, P<0.01).MP antibody positive rate was highest in the fourth quarter (10~12 months), 42.00% (625/1 488), the second in the first quarter (1~3 months), 41.25% (528/1 280).There were significant difference in 14 groups (P<0.01);Aged 0~1 MP positive rate was 13.55%, the lowest followed by 1~2 years of age and MP positive rate between 2~3 years old, aged 9~10 MP positive rate up to 65.03%, 5~14 years old age range MP about 51%~65% positive rate remains high level, visible MP positive rate in children with age growth.In 2010-2012 MP antibody positive rate was no statistical significance. Conclusions MP positive women were more than men, the peak period of MP infection are the first quarter and 4th quarter;The MP infection range for the age of 5~14 years old, MP positive rate in 3 years were no difference during the period of 2010 to 2012, the detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and the prevention and control should strengthen in clinical works.