老年人自发性气胸临床特点及误诊分析

目的：分析老年人自发性气胸的临床特点，寻找误诊原因。方法：对79例老年人自发性气胸的临床资料与同期94例中青年人自发性气胸作对比分析。结果：老年人气胸存在的基础病和并发症发生率高，气促为最突出症状，以交通性、张力性气胸居多，与对照组有显著性差异；老年人气胸胸痛相对较轻，肺压缩程度显著低于对照组；老年人气胸肺复张时间长，需行胸腔闭式引流术比例高；严重病例病死率高，与对照组有显著性差异。结论：老年人自发性气胸大多由慢性阻塞性肺疾病引起，病情重，体征不典型，易被误诊，肺平均复张时间长，病死率高。

The Clinical Character and Misdiagnostic Analysis of Aged Spontaneous Pneumothorax

Objective: To study the clinical character in aged spontaneous pneumothorax and find out the reason of misdiagnosis. Method: 79 aged spontaneous pneumothorax were compared to the 94 nonaged. Results: The rate of basal disease and complications in the aged were higher than that in the nonaged. The pneumothorax of communication and tension in the aged were significantly more than that in the nonaged. Pleuralgia and degree of lung compression in the aged were significantly lower than that in the nonaged. The time of lung return in the aged was longer than that in the nonaged. The rate of performing closed thoracic drainage in the aged was higher than that in the nonaged. The mortality in the aged was significantly higher than that in nonaged. Conclusion: A lot of aged spontaneous pneumothorax had COPD and appeared serious. The signs were atypical and easy to be misdiagnosed. The time of lung return in the aged was longer. The complications and mortality were high.