2所中专学校学生自杀行为及其人口特征学研究

目的了解中专生自杀行为的现状及其人口统计学特征,为中专学校学生心理健康教育提供依据.方法以某市2所中专学校共2 032名中专生为调查对象进行现况调查.自杀行为的定义与问卷设计与美国疾病控制中心(CDC)青年危险行为监测系统(YRBSS)相同.结果中专生总体自杀意念发生率为26.6%,自杀计划发生率为13.4%,自杀企图发生率为7.5%.各年龄分组比较,自杀意念发生率差异有显著性.17岁以下学生自杀意念发生率显著高于18岁以上组(P＜0.001),女生自杀意念发生率显著高于男生,非汉族中专生自杀意念发生率高于汉族学生.来自农村学生3种自杀行为的发生率均低于来自城市的学生.父母文化程度、是否在外工作(打工)对中专生的自杀行为无显著影响.多元非条件Logistic回归分析表明,年龄大为自杀意念的保护因素,非汉族、家住城镇和学习成绩差为自杀意念的危险因素;家庭所在地为城市、学习成绩差为自杀计划的危险因素;年级为自杀企图的保护因素,而家住城市为危险因素.结论中专生的自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀企图发生率较高,自杀行为的发生率受人口统计学特征的影响.应加强对中专生的心理健康教育.

Prevalence and Its Demographic Characteristics of Suicide Behaviors Among Technical Secondary School Students

Objective To know suicide behaviors and its demographic characteristic among technical secondary school students, and to provide basis for mental health education among secondary school students.Methods A total of 2 032 students in two technical secondary schools were investigated. The suicide behavior were defined and the questionnaires were designed according to youth risk behavior surveillance systems(YRBSS)of the Center for Disease Prevention and Control(CDC).Results About 26.6% students had suicidal ideation, 13.4% had suicidal plans and 7.5% had suicidal attempts. There were significant differences in each age group. The prevalence among the students within 17 years old was significantly higher than that among the students over 18 years old( P <0.01).The prevalence of suicide ideation female and non Han nationality was higher than male and Han nationality. The incidence of suicide behaviors was lower among students from rural area than from town. The suicide behavior of technical secondary school students was not affected by their parents' education background and outside work. Multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis suggested that the older age was a protective factor to suicidal ideation and non Han nationaty, town residence and poor academic achievement were risk factors of suicidal ideation, that town residence and poor academics were risk factors of suicidal plan, and that higher grade was a protective factor to suicide attempt but town residence was a risk factor of suicidal attempt. Conclusion The incidence of suicidal ideation, suicidal plan and attempts are high among technical secondary school students, which are affected by some demographic characteristics. Therefore,mental health education should be strengthened among technical secondary school students.