失眠症患者睡眠结构紊乱与记忆改变的相关性研究

目的 通过对失眠者进行韦氏记忆检测和睡眠监测,以睡眠结构紊乱的角度,研究失眠对其记忆功能改变的影响,并探讨失眠者记忆改变的影响因素。方法 按照纳入标准和排除标准,对30例失眠症患者和30例健康对照组进行记忆检测和睡眠监测,比较两组睡眠结构及记忆功能的不同,对失眠者记忆改变的影响因素的探讨采用多元线性回归分析。结果 与对照组相比,失眠症患者睡眠结构明显紊乱,表现为潜伏期时间长、3期睡眠、4期睡眠及慢波睡眠（SwS）比例低,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05,P＜0.01）;失眠者的记忆功能明显下降,表现为记忆商数、长时、短时、瞬时记忆受损,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）;醒觉睡眠、4期睡眠和受教育水平可能与失眠症患者记忆改变有关,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 失眠者记忆功能受损,可能与睡眠结构紊乱和教育水平有关。

Relationship Between Changes in Sleep Structure and Memory Function in Insomniacs

Objective To discuss the relationship between changes in sleep structure and memory function in insomniacs and analyse risk factors on insomniacs from the sleep disordered structure.Methods In accordance with the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria,thirty insomniacs and thirty healthy control subjects were underwent the whole-night ploysomnographic （PSG） monitoring and completed memory examination with Wechsler memory scale （WMS）.The PSG variables and memory scores were compared between the two groups.The correlated risk factors of memory scores were identified with stepwise multiple regression analysis.Results Compared with the healthy control subjects,insomniacs were suffered from disorder of sleep structure,such as longer latency time and less percentage of sleep stage 4 and SWS（P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01）.The score of memory quotient of WMS in insomnia group was significantly lower than that in the control group （P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01）.The correlated risk factors with memory changes in insomniacs were educational levels,percentage of sleep-wake state and S4 sleep （P ＜ 0.01）.Conclusion Insomniacs were sufferrd from memory changes,which may be correlated with the disorder of sleep structure and the educational levels.