特发性肺间质纤维化患者HRCT特征分析

目的分析特发性肺间质纤维化(IPF)患者高分辨CT(HRCT)的特征。方法选择我院经支气管镜病理活检诊断为IPF的患者56例,对其进行普通CT扫描及HRCT扫描,观察其病变情况及影像表现,分析其特征。结果普通CT显示,56例患者病变部位均呈弥漫性分布,均可见胸膜下间质网状影或线影,多分布于双肺下肺野,可见囊状、蜂窝状影及磨玻璃密度影或实变影;HRCT显示,56例患者均为双肺受累,病变部位多数分布对称,病变多分布于肺尖肺底方向上(以下肺野为主)和轴位上(以周边分布为主),偶见上肺野或随机分布HRCT影像学结果均见胸膜下间质网状影或线影,多数见肺气肿以及网状或蜂窝征,部分可见磨玻璃密度和两下肺牵拉支气管扩张。结论IPF患者HRCT具有一定特征,但应注意联合各征象与其他肺部间质疾病区别,准确诊断,尽早治疗。

Analysis of HRCT Features in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Objective To analyze the features of high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT)in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF).Methods A total of 56 patients with IPF diagnosed by bronchoscopy biopsy in our hospital were selected.The common CT scan and HRCT scan were performed to observe the lesions and imaging findings and to analyze the findings.Results Common CT showed that the lesions in 56 patients showed diffuse distribution,and subpleural mesenchymal reticular shadow or line shadow,and they were distributed in the lung fields of both lungs,showing cystic shadow,honeycomb shadow and ground glass opacity or consolidation shadows.HRCT showed that 56 patients were with double lung involvement and most symmetrically distributed lesions,and the lesions were mostly distributed in the direction of lung apex and lung base(mainly lower lung field)and axial position(mainly periphery distribution),and occasionally HLCT imaging findings of upper lung field or random distribution showed subpleural mesenchymal reticular shadow or line shadow,with most lung emphysema and reticular or honeycomb signs,and some showed the ground glass opacity and two lower lung tractive bronchiectasis.Conclusion HRCT in patients with IPF has certain characteristics,but attention should be paid to the difference between the combined signs and other pulmonary interstitial diseases,so as to given accurate diagnosis and early treatment.