上海市人工流产妇女紧急避孕药物使用状况和失败原因调查

目的:调查人工流产妇女常规避孕和紧急避孕的使用情况,寻找紧急避孕药物服用后非意愿妊娠的原因,从而改善紧急避孕服务的模式和内容,以提高紧急避孕药物使用的有效率,降低非意愿妊娠的发生率。方法:以横断面研究方式,对6家医院收取的人工流产妇女进行匿名问卷调查,并对资料进行分析。结果:共有2541名妇女填写了完整问卷。有13·06%的调查对象曾在妊娠周期内服用过紧急避孕药物,其中95·90%的服药对象在无保护性生活后72小时以内服药;在妊娠周期内服用紧急避孕药物前有多次无保护性生活的38·22%;服用后有再次无保护性生活的23·57%。85·89%的对象通过药房直接购得紧急避孕药。在获得紧急避孕药物时未得到正确使用说明的97·61%。结论:绝大多数的妇女在无保护性生活后及时服用了紧急避孕药物。造成紧急避孕失败的主要原因是未按照规范服药。建议向紧急避孕药物购买者提供正确的用药方法以提高紧急避孕药物的有效率,减少非意愿妊娠的发生。

Evaluation of Emergency Contraceptive Pills among Woman with Induced Abortion in Shanghai

Objective: To study the conventional contraceptive methods and emergency contraceptive methods among woman with induced abortion in order to improve emergency contraceptive service. Methods: Women with induced abortion from six hospitals received anonymous questionnaires in cross-sectional way, and the data were analyzed. Results: 2,541 women finished the questionnaires completely. 13.06% women took emergency contraceptive pills during pregnancy. Of them, 95.90% women took the pills within 72 hours after the unprotected intercourses, while 38.22% women had several unprotected intercourses before they took pills and 23.57% women had one unprotected intercourse again after they took pills. 85.89% women bought emergency contraceptive pills from pharmacies directly as over-the-counter drugs. So 97.61% women didn't get right illustration. Conclusion: Most of women teak emergency contraceptive pills timely after unprotected intercourses, so one reason of failed contraceptions is to take pills mistakenly against normative rules. It is recommended to supply correct illustration in order to decrease the rate of unwanted pregnancy.