肥厚型心肌病患者临床症状及超声心动图特点

目的　总结肥厚型心肌病患者临床症状及超声心动图特点 ,探讨二者之间的关系。方法　收集 10 3例肥厚型心肌病患者的病史、体征、心电图和超声心动图结果并进行统计学分析。结果　 1、肥厚型心肌病患者的症状以劳力性呼吸困难为多见 ,与舒张功能异常有关 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,2、心电图异常者占 93% ,3、超声心动图显示 :(1)非对称型肥厚 74 % ,对称型肥厚 2 6 % ,心尖肥厚型 4例 ;(2 )非梗阻型 72 % ,梗阻型 2 8% ;(3)全部病例左心室射血分数均正常 ,舒张功能受损占 5 0 % ;(4 )梗阻组左心室腔明显缩小 ,室间隔明显增厚 ,有二尖瓣前叶收缩期前向运动 (SAM)现象者占 6 6 % ,与非梗阻组比较有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　肥厚型心肌病临床症状、心电图表现无特异性 ,结合超声心动图可确诊 ;左心室流出道梗阻的发生与室间隔肥厚的程度有关 ;劳力性呼吸困难与舒张功能异常有关

Clinical and echocardiograghic characteristics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Objective To analyze the characteristics of clinical Aymptom and echocardiogram in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM).Methods 103 patients were evaluated on their illness history ,symptom, ECG and echocardiographic features. Result ①Main symptom: Effort dyspnea; ②ECG: Abnormal Q wave,ST segment depression and T wave inversion; ③echocardiogram: IVS hypertrophy, asymmetric and non-obstructive hypertrophy were predominant. SAM observed in 29% patients. All patients were with normal systolic function, but 50% patients with diastolic dysfunction, which evaluated by E/A ratio of mitral flow; ④Effort dyspnea was correlated with diastolic dysfunction. Conclusion HCM could be suspected by the indication of illness history and ECG, echocardiogram was a reliable diagnostic approach. Effort dyspnea as the main symptom correlated with diastolic dysfunction.