两种健康教育方式缓解冠心病患者介入术前焦虑情绪的效果比较

目的探讨适合冠状动脉介入术患者的健康教育方式，以缓解患者介入术前焦虑情绪，为临床开展高质量健康教育提供科学依据。方法选取420例首次择期行冠状动脉介入术的冠心病患者为研究对象，根据患者手术单双日的不同随机分为对照组（n=210）和实验组（n=210），对照组采取个体式健康教育，实验组采取集体式健康教育。健康教育前后采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）测定患者焦虑情况，比较健康教育前后两组焦虑发生率及SAS评分。结果健康教育前64．8％对照组患者及65．7％实验组患者存在焦虑情绪，两组比较差异无统计学意义（X^2=0．04，P〉0．05）；健康教育后两组焦虑发生率均较教育前降低且实验组焦虑发生率（17．1％）低于对照组（27．6％），差异具有统计学意义（X^2=6．63，P〈0．05）；健康教育前对照组SAS评分为（53．85±3．78）分，与实验组（53．57±4．89）分比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；健康教育后对照组与实验组评分（45．65±0．94），（42．18±1．29）分均低于健康教育前，差异均有统计学意义（t分别为6．24，7．76；P〈0．05）；并且健康教育后实验组SAS评分低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（t=7．39，P〈0．05）。结论健康教育能够缓解冠心病患者冠状动脉介入术前焦虑情绪，集体式健康教育在减少焦虑人数及缓解患者焦虑程度上优于个体式健康教育。

Comparison of two different health education methods on alleviating preoperative anxiety of coronary intervention in patients with coronary heart disease

Objective To explore appropriate health education method for patients receive coronary intervention operation to alleviate patients＇ anxiety and provide some scientific evidence for clinical to launch high quality nursing education. Methods According to the different days, totals of 420 patients with first coronary intervention operation were selected and randomly divided into control group （210 cases）and experimental group（ 210 cases）. Control group received individual pattern health education, while experimental group received group patten health education. All patients were investigated with self-anxiety scale（SAS） before and after health education, then the incidence of anxiety and SAS score between two groups were compared. Results Before health education, 64.8% patients of control group and 65.7% patients of experimental group existed anxiety,and the difference was statistically significant （ X^2 = 0.04, P 〉 0. 05 ）. After education, the anxiety incidence of two groups lower than before education, experimental group （ 17. 1% ） was lower than control group （27.6%）, and the difference was statistically significant（ X^2 = 6.63, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Before education, the SAS score of control group was （ 53.85 ± 3.78 ） and experimental group was （ 53.57 ± 4.89 ）, and the difference was no statistically significant （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. After education, the SAS score of control group and experimental group was （45.65 ± 0.94 ）, （42. 18 ± 1.29 ）, respectively, lower than before education, and the difference was statistically significant （ t = 6. 24, 7. 76, respectively; P 〈 0. 05 ）. Also, the SAS score of experimental group lower than that of control group the difference was statistically significant （ t = 7. 39, P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusions Health education for patients with coronary intervention can alleviate their pre-operation anxiety, and group patten health education is better than individual pattern health education in reducing anxiety patients number and alleviate patients＇ anxiety.