北京市2005年成年人慢性病相关生活方式和行为习惯研究

目的 探索北京市成年人中慢性病相关生活方式和行为习惯的分布特征.方法 于2005年9-11月份采用多阶段等比例分层整群抽样的方法调查北京市18岁以上16 658名常住居民,调查内容包括问卷调查、体格测量和实验室检查.结果 北京市成年人有33.2%超重,16.4%肥胖,腹型肥胖率为45.6%.现在吸烟率为26.2%,经常吸烟率为21.4%,男女性现在吸烟率分别为57.7%和4.6%.男性中64.3%每月至少饮一次酒,16.1%几乎每天饮酒,16.5%为过量饮酒,18.5%为单次大量饮酒.北京市成年人46.0%缺乏体育锻炼(每周锻炼时间不超过2 h).膳食中最突出的问题是钠盐和食用油摄入过多、豆奶制品摄入不足、不吃早餐、常吃咸菜腌菜和油炸食品、经常吃零食和蔬菜水果摄入不足等问题.绝大多数慢性病危险因素的流行水平都是郊县高于城区,青壮年高于其他年龄段.结论 北京市成年人中慢性病相关危险因素高度流行,郊县和青壮年是今后干预的重点.

Study on chronic disease related behavior and lifestyle in adults in Beijing, 2005

OBJECTIVE: To understand the distribution of chronic disease related behavior and lifestyle in adults from Beijing. METHODS: 16,658 adult residents from Beijing city were randomly selected with stratified multi-stage cluster sampling method in 2005. Each participant was invited to receive a set of standardized questionnaire, physical examinations and laboratory tests. RESULTS: In the adults living in Beijing, 33.2% were overweight and 16.4% were obesive. The current smoking rate was 26.2% and the regular smoking rate was 21.4%. 57.7% of the male and 4.6% of the female adults were current smokers. In male adults, 64.3% drank alcoholic beverage at least once per month while 16.1% drank almost everyday, 16.5% drank more alcohol than moderate, and 18.5% were binge drinkers. 46.0% of Beijing adults were in lack of active physical exercise. Unhealthy dietary habits such as:excess consumption of sodium or oil, lower intake of vegetable, milk and soybean productions, skipping breakfast, fond of salted vegetable and fried food intake, as well as eating snacks etc. were quite commonly seen in the adults from Beijing. In addition, most of the risk factors had a higher prevalence in the suburban areas and population at working-age. CONCLUSION: The prevalence rate of chronic risk factors was still high in adults of Beijing. Effective interventions should be carried out to prevent further worsening of the situation, especially in the suburban areas and people at working-age.