预防性应用抗生素对控制重型肝炎患者医院感染的作用

目的：探讨预防性应用抗生素对控制重型肝炎患者医院感染的作用及预后.方法：采用随机分组对照研究,比较预防性应用抗生素对重型肝炎患者医院感染的发生率及其预后的差异.结果：64例重型肝炎患者中,27例发生医院感染,其中治疗组9例（26.5%）,对照组18例（60.0%） 两组患者共死亡31例,其中治疗组10例（29.4%）,对照组21例（70.0%）.治疗组在肝性脑痛、肝肾综合征、上消化道出血、脑水肿的发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.治疗组预防性应用抗生素后感染发生时问延迟,感染率降低,死亡率有显著下降.结论：重型肝炎患者早期预防性应用抗生素是有效治疗和预防继发感染、减少并发症的重要措施.预防性应用抗生素可降低重型肝炎患者的医院感染发生率和死亡率,对改善重型肝炎患者预后有积极作用.

Prophylactic antibiotics therapy for control of nosocomial inflection in patients with severe hepatitis

Objective ： To study of prophylactic antibiotics for control of nosocomial infection in patients with severe hepatitis B and its effect on the prognosis of patients. Methods： A randomized controlled study was used to compare the prophylactic use of antibiotics on nosocomial infection in patients with severe hepatitis B incidence and prognosis differences. Results： Among the 64 cases of severe hepatitis patients, 27 cases of nosocomial infection occurred. 9 cases appeared in the treatment group and 18 patients in the control group. A total of 31 cases of death of two groups patients,including 10 cases of treatment group and control group 21 cases. The hepatic eneephalopathy, hepatorenal syndrome, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, cerebral edema were significantly lower in treatment group than these in the control group. By the prophylactic antibiotic treatment, infection rates, mortality rates have decreased significantly. Conclusions ： Early prophylactic antibiotics can effective treat and prevent secondary infection and to reduce complications in severe hepatitis B. Prophylactic antibiotics in patients with severe hepatitis can reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection and mortality. It has a positive effect to improve the prognosis of severe hepatitis patients.