Statut magnésique dans une population marocaine de patients diabétiques de type 2

Blood and urinary samples from 121 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 51 healthy controls, were analysed for blood glucose, glycosylated Haemoglobin, total cholesterol and its fractions, triglycerides, serum creatinine, microalbuminuia, magnesium (plasma, erythrocyte and urinary).Diabetic patients had significantly lower plasma and erythrocyte magnesium comparatively to healthy control (P Mg: 0.83±0.09 mmol/L vs 0.90±0.06 mmol/L, P<0.001) (E Mg : 1.42±0.64 mmol/L vs 2.01±0.6 ; P<0.001). whereas the urinary magnesium excretion in diabetic patients and control group is not significantly different (U Mg : 6,47±3 mmol/24 heures vs 6,82±2,44 mmol/24 heures, P=0,48).Plasma and erythrocyte magnesium in diabetic patients was negatively correlated with glucose blood, and HbA1c (P Mg vs HbA1c: P=0,016, r =−0,22), (E Mg vs HbA1c : P=0,012, r =−0,23), whereas there is no correlation with lipids parameters.We also note that plasma magnesium concentrations are lower in diabetic patients with retinopathy compared to those without retinopathy (0,80±0,10 mmol/L vs 0.84±0,08; P=0.035).Conclusion: Magnesium depletion is most common in our population, particularly in uncontrolled diabetic patients, with a weakly significant relationship with diabetic retinopathy.