486例糖尿病前期人群的中医证素特点研究

[目的]了解糖尿病前期人群的中医证素特点，明确糖尿病前期的易患因素。[方法]选取2016年1—12月期间在天津市第一中心医院进行体检的20～79岁天津市常住居民，经化验检查后确诊为糖尿病前期的患者共500例，填写中医证素调查问卷，得出研究对象的病位、病性证素，所有数据进行统计学处理。[结果]最终纳入486例糖尿病前期患者，体质量以超重最多见（41.15%），其次为肥胖病例（33.95%）。脾（35.80%）为最主要的病位证素，其次为肾（33.74%）、肝（25.93%）、胃（20.58%）等；主要的病性证素包括：湿（37.86%）、痰（36.79%）、气虚（52.06%）、阴虚（42.39%）。脾病位证素组的体重指数（BMI）、腹围大于非脾组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。[结论]糖尿病前期主要与脾、肾、肝等脏腑功能失调密切相关，发病主要与湿、痰、气滞、热等病理因素相关，肥胖与糖尿病前期的发生发展是相互关联的，痰湿困脾是糖尿病前期的核心病机。

Observation of the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome in 486 prediabetes patients

[Objective] To understand the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome in prediabetes, predispose factors for prediabetes.[Methods] The 500 cases of residents of 20~79 years old in Tianjin, who took physical examination in Tianjin First Central Hospital from Jan. to Dec. 2016, were diagnosed as prediabetes after laboratory examination. Patients filled in the questionnaire of TCM Syndrome to obtaining the disease location and syndrome factor of the subjects.[Results] The 486 prediabetes cases were eventual inclusion. Weight was most common in overweight(41.15%), followed by obesity(33.95%). The spleen (35.80%) was the most important syndrome factor, followed by the kidney (33.74%), the liver (25.93%), and the stomach (20.58%). The main syndromes of disease include:wet (37.86%), phlegm (36.79%), qi (52.06%), yin deficiency (42.39%). The syndrome element group of BMI, waist circumference was greater than the non spleen group. The difference was significant (P<0.01).[Conclusion] The prediabetes is closely related to the dysfunction of the spleen, kidney and liver. The disease is mainly related to the pathological factors such as wet, phlegm, qi stagnation and heat. Obesity is interrelated with the development of prediabetes. Spleen disorder due to dampness is the core pathogenesis in the early stage of diabetes.