高糖环境下内质网应激及其在眼科疾病的研究进展

内质网(endoplasmic reticulum，ER)是蛋白质折叠和组装的主要细胞器，在多种生理性及病理性因素作用下，细胞内发生蛋白质错误折叠、腔内未折叠蛋白蓄积或钙离子平衡紊乱的状态称为内质网应激(endoplasmic reticulum stress，ERS)。高糖环境下，蛋白质的氧化还原状态发生改变并产生活性氧簇(reactive oxygen species，ROS)，影响ER上的通道功能和伴侣蛋白的缓冲作用，改变了钙离子的平衡状态，形成ERS。越来越多的研究证实，高糖环境下ERS可以引起多种眼科疾病，本文就近年来关于在高糖环境下ERS及其在眼科疾病中的研究进展进行综述。

Research advances of endoplasmic reticulum stress in high glucose environment and its related ophthalmic diseases

Endoplasmic reticulum(ER)is a place where it folds and synthesizes the proteins. ER stress was induced when a variety of physiological and pathological factors happened, under which the protein misfolding occurred, the unfolded protein accumulated and the calcium ion imbalanced in the ER. The ER of high-glucose environment can change the protein redox state and produce reactive oxygen species, which affects the ER channel function and chaperone protein buffer; meanwhile changes the balance of calcium ions; finally induces the formation of ER stress. More and more studies have confirmed that ER stress in high glucose environment can cause a variety of ophthalmic diseases. So we review the recent articles about ER stress of high glucose environment and its related ophthalmic diseases.