鞘氨醇-1-磷酸在脓毒症中调节作用的研究进展

鞘氨醇-1-磷酸(sphingosine-1-phosphate,S1P)是具有多种生物活性的鞘磷脂代谢产物,通过激活细胞膜表面的G蛋白偶联受体即S1P受体(sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors,S1PRs),参与细胞生长和凋亡、免疫与凝血系统调节等多种生理功能。脓毒症是由于感染引起免疫反应失调所致的严重危及生命的疾病,常导致多器官功能障碍甚至衰竭。脓毒症导致的器官衰竭主要与内皮细胞和免疫细胞在炎症环境中的病理生理变化有关,包括血管通透性增加、血栓形成、炎症及免疫反应失调。S1P可参与调节脓毒症的多种病理生理过程,有望成为预测脓毒症患者病情严重程度的重要标志物,也是治疗脓毒症的潜在靶点。本文通过对S1P在脓毒症发生发展过程中的调节作用及相关临床研究进行总结,旨在为该领域的后续研究提供参考。

Research progress of regulation roles of sphingosine-1-phosphate in sepsis

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a sphingomyelin metabolite with various biological activities, is involved in cell growth, apoptosis, regulation of immune and coagulation systems by binding to G-protein-coupled receptors (S1PRs) on the cell membrane surface. Sepsis is a life threating condition caused by infection induced immune response disorder, often leads to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome or multiple organ failure. The organ failure caused by sepsis is mainly related to the pathophysiological changes of endothelial cells and immune cells in the inflammatory environment, including increased vascular permeability, thrombosis, inflammation, and dysregulation of immune system. S1P might be involved in the regulation of various pathophysiological processes of sepsis and is expected to be an important marker for predicting the severity of sepsis and a potential target for the treatment of sepsis. This reviewsummarizes the experimental and clinical studies on S1P signal pathway in the development of sepsis, aiming to provide an insight into further investigation.