鼓槌石斛体外抗血小板聚集活性研究

目的 对鼓槌石斛提取物进行抗血小板聚集活性的药效筛选，并初步探讨其抗血栓作用。方法 将15只大鼠按体质量随机分为鼓槌石斛提取物1（gc1）组、鼓槌石斛提取物2（gc2）组、鼓槌石斛提取物3（gc3）组、鼓槌石斛提取物4（gc4）组及阳性对照（阿司匹林）组，每组3只；将15只豚鼠按体质量同法随机分为5组，每组3只。大鼠组和豚鼠组分别采用二磷酸腺苷（adenosine diphosphate，ADP）和花生四烯酸（arachidonic acid，AA）诱导体外血小板聚集实验，分别检测空白对照管与不同浓度的鼓槌石斛提取物及阿司匹林给药管的富血小板血浆在5 min内的最大聚集率，并计算血小板聚集的抑制率和各受试物的半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀）。结果 与空白对照组相比，gc1（5.318 mmol·L^-1）、gc2（1.708 mmol·L^-1）、gc3（2.925 mmol·L^-1）、gc4（3.152，1.576，0.394 mmol·L^-1）对ADP诱导的血小板最大聚集率显著降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）。与空白组相比，gc1（0.083，0.166 mmol·L^-1）、gc2（0.106，0.214 mmol·L^-1）、gc3（0.023 mmol·L^-1）、gc4（0.049，0.099，0.197，0.394 mmol·L^-1）对AA诱导的血小板最大聚集率显著降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）。结论 鼓槌石斛多种成分具有抗血小板聚集作用，在血栓性疾病中具有一定的积极作用。

Study on the Activity of Anti-platelet Aggregation of Dendrobium Chrysotoxum in Vitro

OBJECTIVE To screen for the anti-platelet aggregation activity of Dendrobium chrysotoxum extract, and discuss its antithrombotic effect. METHODS Fifteen rats were randomly divided into Dendrobium chrysotoxum extract 1 (gc1) group, Dendrobium chrysotoxum extract 2 (gc2) group, Dendrobium chrysotoxum extract 3 (gc3) group, Dendrobium chrysotoxum extract 4 (gc4) group and the positive control group of aspirin, 3 per group. While 15 guinea pigs were randomly divided into 5 groups, 3 per group. Platelet aggregation was induced by adenosine triphosphate (ADP) in vitro in rats and arachidonic acid (AA) in vitro in guinea pigs. The maximal aggregation rate of platelet-rich plasma of the blank group, Dendrobium chrysotoxum extracts from different concentrations and the positive control group of aspirin as detected in 5 min. The inhibition rate of platelet aggregation and the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of each subject were calculated. RESULTS Compared with the normal control group, the maximal aggregation rate induced by ADP of gc1 (5.318 mmol·L^-1), gc2 (1.708 mmol·L^-1), gc3 (2.925 mmol·L^-1), gc4 (3.152, 1.576, 0.394 mmol·L^-1) groups significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the normal control group, the maximal aggregation rate induced by AA of gc1 (0.083, 0.166 mmol·L^-1), gc2 (0.106, 0.214 mmol·L^-1), gc3 (0.023 mmol·L^-1), gc4 (0.049, 0.099, 0.197, 0.394 mmol·L^-1) groups significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION There are many kinds of ingredients in Dendrobium chrysotoxum which have anti-platelet aggregation activity. Dendrobium chrysotoxum has positive effects on thrombotic diseases.