枸杞子粉碎前几种预处理方法的比较研究

目的研究3种预处理方法,比较并筛选适合枸杞子对照药材的预处理方法,以提高其粉碎和分装效率。方法采用减压干燥法、液氮冻干法、冻干法3种预处理方法处理枸杞子;测定并比较3种预处理方法得到的枸杞子原料与未经预处理的枸杞子原料特性量值(水分、指标含量)的差异。结果直接粉碎的枸杞子原料水分为6.4%,3种预处理方法得到的枸杞子原料的水分分别为4.6%、5.0%、5.2%;直接粉碎的枸杞子原料的枸杞多糖质量分数为2.5%,3种预处理方法得到的枸杞子原料的枸杞多糖质量分数分别为2.6%、2.8%、2.6%;直接粉碎的枸杞子原料甜菜碱质量分数为0.98%,3种预处理方法得到的枸杞子原料的甜菜碱质量分数分别为0.94%、1.00%、0.87%。特性量值的测定结果表明,3种预处理方法得到的枸杞子原料的质量无显著差异。因此从经济角度出发,推荐使用更加实惠的减压干燥法处理枸杞子对照药材。经预处理后的枸杞子原料应尽快粉碎、分装,并严格控制粉碎和分装环境的湿度在20%～30%,以提高粉碎和分装效率。结论基于成本考虑,3种预处理方法中减压干燥法最为经济实惠,在实际工作中推荐使用减压干燥法最佳。

Comparative study on three pretreatment methods before crushing Lycii Fructus

Objective Three kinds of pretreatment methods were studied to compare and select the suitable pretreatment methods for Lycii Fructus (LF) reference standards to improve its crushing and packaging efficiency. Methods LF was treated by three pretreatment methods of decompression drying, liquid nitrogen freeze-drying, and freeze-drying. The difference of characteristic values before and after treatment was determined and compared with LF without pretreatment. The determination of characteristic values included the determination of moisture, content, etc. Results The water content of raw material of directly crushed LF was 6.4%, and the water content of the other three pretreated LF was 4.6%, 5.0%, and 5.2%, respectively. The content of polysaccharide and betaine in the raw material of directly crushed LF was 2.5% and 0.98%. The polysaccharide content of the other three pretreated LF was 2.6%, 2.8%, and 2.6%, respectively. The content of betaine was 0.94%, 1.00%, and 0.87% by the other three pretreatment methods. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the quality of LF obtained by the three pretreatment methods. Therefore, from an economic point of view, this paper recommended to use more affordable pretreatment method of decompression drying for LF. In addition, the pretreated raw materials of LF should be crushed and subpackaged as soon as possible, and the crushing and the dividing environment humidity should be strictly controlled at 20% to 30%, in order to improve the efficiency of crushing and dividing. Conclusion Based on the cost consideration, the decompression drying method is the most economical and effective of the three pretreatment methods. Therefore, the decompression drying method is recommended in actual work.