生活行为因素与脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性研究

目的探讨脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化(CAS)的发生与生活行为因素的关系以及颈动脉粥样硬化与脑梗死的关系。方法选取137例脑梗死患者(脑梗死组)和同期行健康体检者84例(对照组),采用彩色多普勒超声对2组CAS的发生、斑块的位置及超声特点进行分析,并对2组的生活行为习惯、身高、体质量进行调查。采用非条件Logistic回归分析等统计学方法处理数据。结果脑梗死组CAS的发生率显著高于对照组(67.15%vs45.23%),斑块的发生率也高于对照组(54.01%vs 35.71%),颈动脉内膜中层厚度较对照组明显增厚(P<0.05或P<0.01)。Logistic逐步回归分析显示吸烟、不良膳食习惯、肥胖、年龄是脑梗死患者发生CAS的影响因素,其OR值分别是3.89、2.17、1.03、1.06。结论吸烟、不良膳食习惯、肥胖、年龄是脑梗死患者发生CAS的独立危险因素。脑梗死患者CAS程度明显加重,重视颈动脉的超声检查对预防和治疗脑血管病具有重要意义。

Correlation with Life Behavior Factors and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients with Cerebral Infarction

Objective To investigate the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis（CAS） and behavioral factors in patients with cerebral infarction.Methods Color Doppler ultrasound was performed in 137 cerebral infarction patients and 84 health subjects.The occurrence of CAS,plaque location and ultrasound features were observed and living habits,height and weight were measured in both groups.Data was processed using non-conditional Logistic regression.Results Compared with health subjects,cerebral infarction significantly increased the incidence of CAS（67.15% vs 45.23%）,incidence of plaque（54.01% vs 35.71%） and carotid intima-media thickness（P0.05 or P0.01）.Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that cigarette smoking,bad eating habits,obesity and age were the factors influencing CAS in patients with cerebral infarction（OR=3.89,2.17,1.03 and 1.06,respectively）.Conclusion Cigarette smoking,bad eating habits,obesity and age are independent risk factors for CAS in patients with cerebral infarction.CAS can be diagnosed in early period by ultrasonography,which is important for the prevention and treatment of cerebral infarction.