2017—2018年冬季流感患儿临床特点和血常规表现

目的通过分析流感患儿血常规特点,为流感的早期诊断提供思路。方法收集2017—2018年冬季于解放军第101医院儿科就诊的流感样病例咽拭子,通过荧光PCR法检测甲、乙型流感病毒核酸,分析流感患儿病毒亚型、年龄和性别特征,比较流感阳性患儿和流感阴性患儿之间血常规各项指标的差异。结果159例流感阳性患儿中,甲型流感阳性76例,乙型流感阳性87例,其中甲型、乙型流感同时阳性4例。流感阳性患儿的白细胞计数中位数低于流感阴性患儿,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=22.802,P<0.01),中性粒细胞计数、淋巴细胞计数低于流感阴性患儿(χ^2=9.830,P=0.007;χ^2=9.778,P=0.008)。结论流感阳性患儿白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、淋巴细胞计数均较流感阴性的患儿降低,甲型流感患儿的淋巴细胞计数较流感阴性组患儿低,而乙型流感患儿中没有发现这一现象。

Clinical features and routine blood test results among child patients with influenza in the winter of 2017-2018

Objective To explore the characteristics of routine blood test results among child patients with influenza, so as to provide support for the early diagnosis of influenza. Methods The children with influenza in pediatric department of PLA 101 hospital were collected in the winter of 2017-2018, and the influenza A and B viruses were detected by fluorescence PCR. The virus subtypes, and age and gender of the children were analyzed. The differences in routine blood test results between children with and without influenza were compared. Results Among 159 influenza positive cases, 76 cases were influenza A and 87 cases were influenza B, including 4 cases of both influenza A and B positive. The median value of leukocyte in children with influenza was lower than that in children without influenza (χ^2=22.802, P=0.000). The median values of neutrophil count and lymphocyte count in children with influenza were also significantly lower than those in children without influenza (χ^2=9.830, P=0.007;χ^2=9.778, P=0.008). Conclusion The white blood cell count, neutrophil count and lymphocyte count were significantly lower in children with influenza than those in children without influenza. The lymphocyte count in children with influenza A was significantly lower than that in children without influenza, but this phenomenon was not found in patients with influenza B.