Effectiveness of three age estimation methods based on dental and skeletal development in a sample of young Brazilians |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Private practice, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil;2. Department of Social Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School (FOP/UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil;3. Dentist for the Department of Public Prosecution, RS, Brazil;4. Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Lagarto, SE, Brazil;5. Department of Dentistry, Faculdade Meridional – IMED, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil;6. Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil;7. Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Lagarto, SE, Brazil;1. AgEstimation Project, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy;2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy;3. Departments of Research in Biomedicine, Health and Dental Medicine, University of Split School of Medicine and University Hospital Centre Split, Croatia;1. Department of Health Sciences, Section of Medical Forensic Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy;2. Department of Statistical Science, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, UK;1. Clinic for Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia;2. Laboratory for Anthropology, Institute of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia;1. Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;2. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;3. Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Saujana Putra, Malaysia;1. AgEstimation Project, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy;2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Science, University “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy;3. Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy;4. Center of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Medical Information Technology, Department of Biomedical Science and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy;1. Department of Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, OFLab (anthropology and Forensic Dentistry Laboratory), Brazil;2. Department of Radiology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil;3. AgEstimation Project, University of Macerata, Italy;4. Department of Anthropology – Institute of Legal Medicine, AgEstimation Project, University of Macerata, Italy |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveThis study compared three methods designed for age estimation.MethodsA sample of 468 radiographs (234 panoramic and 234 carpal radiographs) collected from patients ranging from 5 to 14 years old (mean age: 11.27 years old ± 2.27 years) was used. Three age estimation methods: were applied: one founded on dental development, one founded on hand and wrist development, and a method combining both measurements. For each method, the mean error (ME), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean percentage of absolute error (MPAE) were quantified. The methods: were compared based on their effectiveness for estimating age in relation to sex and age range.ResultsThe data show that the method exclusively using the development of the hand and wrist had the highest error rates (ME: 1.28 M, 1.85F; MAE: 1.64 M, 1.96F; RMSE: 1.94 M, 2.32F) for both males (M) and females (F). In males, the method combining dental and skeletal development obtained outcomes that were slightly better than the method founded on only dental development (MPAE: 6.99% and 7.47%, respectively). In females, the opposite result was observed (MPAE: 8.48% and 6.59%, respectively). The method founded exclusively on skeletal development significantly overestimated (p = 0.001) the age (mean chronological and estimated ages: 11.27 and 12.88, respectively).ConclusionThe methods involving dental development provided more accurate age estimates of chronological age. The method exclusively based on hand and wrist development resulted in outcomes that were highly discrepant from the chronological age. |
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| Keywords: | Dental age estimation Skeletal age estimation Growth and development Forensic science Human identification Radiology |
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