Gender differences in psychiatric and medical comorbidity with post-traumatic stress disorder |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Psychologie EA4139, Institut Universitaire de France, Bordeaux, France;2. Department of Psychiatry and Women''s Health Research at Yale, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA;3. Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique, Institut de Psychologie de Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France;1. Graduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;2. Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil;3. Graduate Studies Program in Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;4. National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;1. Lev-Hasharon Mental Health Center, Pardesiya, Israel;2. Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;3. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;4. Klinische Psychologie & Psychotherapie, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany;5. Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with significant personal and societal burden. The present study examines the gender-specific differences in this burden in terms of the co-occurrence of psychiatric disorders and medical conditions with PTSD in the general population of France.MethodsThe study is based on a cross-sectional general population survey of 21,879 adults. Trained interviewers used a computer-assisted telephone interviewing system to administer the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Short Form to screen for psychiatric disorders and medical conditions in the previous 12 months.ResultsOne third of those with moderately severe PTSD (35.3%) and half of those with severe PTSD (54.2%) suffered from comorbid depression. The prevalence of anxiety disorders and substance use disorders was also greater among severe cases of PTSD. Chronic back or neck problems, frequent or severe headaches, arthritis or rheumatism and hypertension were highly prevalent among adults with PTSD. Adjusting for gender, age, education, employment and marital status, moderately severe and severe PTSD diagnoses were associated with significantly greater odds of comorbid psychiatric disorders and medical conditions. With few exceptions, the pattern of gender differences in psychiatric and medical morbidity among those with moderate or severe PTSD were similar to differences observed among those without PTSD.ConclusionsThe findings highlight the burden of co-occurring psychiatric and medical conditions among PTSD sufferers in France and suggest the need for careful consideration of comorbidity in the assessment and service planning for PTSD. |
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