Endocrine features in development of human hypothalamus, hypophysis, and placenta |
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| Authors: | S E Levina |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychological Science, 4570 Social & Behavioral Sciences Gateway, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-7085, USA;2. Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, v320D Biobehavioral Health Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA;3. Department of Public Health, KHS 243, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA;4. Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, 200 UCLA Medical Plaza Suite 365, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;5. Department of Human Development and Family Studies, 403 Biobehavioral Health Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA;1. Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany;2. Institute of Psychology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany;1. Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy;2. Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA;3. Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA;4. Department of Behavioral Science and Education, Pennsylvania State University, Schuylkill Haven, PA, USA;5. Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy;1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Kraków, Poland;2. Sorbonne Université, Institut Jean Le Rond d’Alembert, CNRS UMR 7190, 2 place de la gare de ceinture, 78210, Saint-Cyr-L’Ecole, France;3. Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | With the help of bioassays we have detected the following hormones in the hypophysis of the human fetus: somatotropin (STH), luteotropin (LTH), folliclestimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), thyrotropin (TSH), intermedin (MSH), oxytocin, and antidiuretic hormone (ADH).MSH and ADH are the first to appear, in the tenth to eleventh week of embryogenesis.There is a sexual dimorphism in the content of FSH and LH from at least the thirteenth and the eighteenth weeks respectively.In addition to chorionic gonadotropin, only oxytocin and ADH, and sometimes TSH, are found in the placental tissue between 7 and 40 weeks of pregnancy.We have observed the ability of the hypophysis of the human fetus to secrete gonadotropins upon implantation into the sella turcica (but not into subcutaneous tissue) of a hypophysectomized adult male rat.Upon implantation there appeared also to be no sexual or age differences in the ability of the implants to secrete gonadotropin, at least for the hypophyses of fetuses between 11 and 28 weeks of embryogenesis. |
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