Regeneration of Hemofiltrate by Anodic Oxidation of Urea |
| |
Authors: | K Köster H Wendt J Gallus G Krisam H D Lehmann |
| |
Institution: | Inst. Chem. Technologie, TH Darmstadt, and Gambro Research Lab., Hechingen, F.R.G |
| |
Abstract: | Urea can be oxidized electrochemically in a chloride solution to carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogen. The microkinetics of this hypochlorite-mediated urea oxidation are elucidated. Based on this kinetic information, the optimal conditions and construction principles for an electrochemical reactor are deduced. The construction of a cheap, disposable oxidation cell and necessary auxiliary equipment are described. In vitro data are reported for urea removal. A 36-L volume was used to simulate a 60-kg patient; 18 L was recirculated through a 0.12-m2 oxidation cell. Within 3 h, 35 g urea could be removed from the system. The technical and economic possibilities as well as safety requirements for hemofiltrate regeneration to a reinfusable substitution solution by anodic urea oxidation are discussed critically. Although the process does not appear to be economically practical for discontinuous hemofiltration, it might be desirable for continuous (24 h/day) treatment. |
| |
Keywords: | Urea Hemofiltration Regeneration of hemofiltrate Oxidation Anodic oxidation |
|
|