流化床干燥器的热能利用分析及节能措施

目的:通过分析流化床干燥过程及运行原理,提出提高热能利用的措施,以指导流化床干燥设备优化升级。方法:通过对流化床干燥过程及控制原理进行系统分析,应用能量守恒定律对干燥器作热量衡算,供给流化床干燥器的热能主要用于:蒸发水分消耗的热量Qw,由出口热风中排出设备的热量Qe,加热湿物料并被干燥产品带出设备消耗的热量Qm,以及由干燥塔、热风管路、旋风分离器向周围环境散失的热量QL。结果:减少由尾气带出而损失的热量Qe,回收干燥器出口气流的热量,对干燥塔、热风管路、旋风分离器进行保温,对进风口洁净空气进行除湿,合理控制干燥时间和进风口风温是提高流化床干燥器热能利用的有效措施和主要途径。结论:通过对进风量、进风温湿度、物料温度、出风终点温湿度等工艺参数的设定和控制,可以有效实现药品干燥工艺过程的节能,有效降低生产成本。

Thermal energy utilization analysis and energy conservation measures of fluidized bed dryer

Objective: To propose measures for enhancing thermal energy utilization by analyzing drying process and operation principle of fluidized bed dryers,in order to guide optimization and upgrade of fluidized bed drying equipment. Method: Through a systematic analysis on drying process and operation principle of fluidized beds,the energy conservation law was adopted to calculate thermal energy of dryers. The thermal energy of fluidized bed dryers is mainly used to make up for thermal consumption of water evaporation (Q_w),hot air from outlet equipment (Q_e),thermal consumption for heating and drying wet materials (Q_m) and heat dissipation to surroundings through hot air pipelines and cyclone separators. Result: Effective measures and major approaches to enhance thermal energy utilization of fluidized bed dryers were to reduce exhaust gas out by the loss of heat Q_e,recycle dryer export air quantity of heat,preserve heat for dry towers,hot air pipes and cyclone separators,dehumidify clean air in inlets and reasonably control drying time and air temperature. Conclusion: Such technical parameters such air supply rate,air inlet temperature and humidity,material temperature and outlet temperature and humidity are set and controlled to effectively save energy during the drying process and reduce the production cost.