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Should depression in young school-children be diagnosed with different criteria? |
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| Authors: | Dr K Puura T Tamminen F Almgvist K Kresanov K Kumpulainen A M Koivisto I Moilanen |
| Institution: | (1) Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, P.O. Box 607, 33101 Tampere, Finland;(2) Tampere University Medical School and Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 607, 33101 Tampere, Finland;(3) Department of Child Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Lastenlinnantie 2, 00250 Helsinki, Finland;(4) Department of Child Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 1777, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;(5) Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Kiinanmyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland;(6) Department of Child Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 22, 90221 Oulu, Finland |
| Abstract: | In a two-stage epidemiological study 5686 randomly selected 8 to 9-year-old children were screened using the CDI (Children's Depression Inventory), of whom 418 were questioned with the DISC-C1 (Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children). According to DSM-III criteria the prevalence of MDD (Major Depressive Disorders) was 0.48% and of DD (Dysthymic Disorder) 0.06%. The prevalence rates did not change when DSM-111-R and DSM-IV criteria were employed. Fifteen children reported suicidal thoughts but according to DSM-III criteria only 1 of these children was depressed. Duration and frequency of depressive symptoms are essential for making a diagnosis of depressive disorder by the DSM-III, but children's reliability in reporting them is questionable. Omitting the duration and frequency of symptoms from the DSM-111 criteria raised the prevalence of MDD to 4.0% and of DD to 2.2%. Eight of the children with suicidal thoughts were depressed. By the adapted DSM-III-R and DSM-IV criteria the prevalence rate of MDD was 4.0% and of DD 9.7%. |
| Keywords: | Child depression epidemiology diagnostic criteria |
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