Effect of preparation design for all-ceramic restoration on maxillary premolar: a 3D finite element study

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate and quantify the effect of preparation design parameters on a premolar restored with two different CAD/CAM ceramic crowns by three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA).

Methods

A restored human first premolar was digitized by a micro-CT scanner and a 3D model was created by a medical image processing software (Mimics). Following segmentation, dentine and ceramic were extracted by a surface meshing software (3-matic). Models with different preparation designs with three convergence angles (6°, 12° and 20°) and two preparation heights (3.1 mm and 4.1 mm) were produced. Mesh generation for models was performed in IA-FEMesh software with a lithium disilicate glass ceramic (LD, E = 95.9 GPa) and a polymer-infiltrated ceramic (PIC, E = 30.1 GPa) as the restorative materials. A 5-mm diameter stainless steel hemisphere was employed as an indenter. Twelve models were analyzed numerically in Abaqus?.

Results

The results indicated that preparation height was found to be a major factor affecting stress distribution in different components. In all models, the maximum principal stress of the ceramic crowns was found in contact area against the indenter. This stress was lesser in the longer abutment than the shorter one and it was greater for LD ceramic. Convergence angle had limited effect on stress distribution of ceramic crown in all models.

Conclusions

The preparation height appeared to play a more important role in the stress distribution of ceramic crown than the convergence angle.