家人及专业人员对育龄妇女孕期叶酸服用行为的影响分析

目的分析家人及专业人员对育龄妇女孕期叶酸服用行为的影响,为提高叶酸干预效果提供基础数据。方法采用医院及入户调查方法,抽取甘肃省两个县内2094名孕后三个月至产后一年的妇女进行面对面匿名问卷调查。结果 2094名调查对象叶酸知晓率为62.2%,叶酸服用率为25.4%。家人对叶酸较高的认知水平(OR=0.268,95%CI 0.208～0.346)、家人对叶酸服用持赞成态度(OR=0.103,95%CI 0.031～0.338)、家人的督促行为(OR=0.147,95%CI 0.115～0.190)、专业人员宣传(OR=0.252,95%CI 0.197～0.323)及督导行为(OR=0.168,95%CI 0.096～0.296)是妇女孕期叶酸服用行为的影响因素。结论家人及专业人员对妇女孕期叶酸服用行为具有影响,应将孕妇家人及专业人员纳入干预对象开展叶酸干预宣教,以提高叶酸服用率。

Impact of family members and health care providers on the use of folic acid in pregnant women

Objective To investigate the impact of family members and health care providers on the use of folic acid supplements in pregnant women,and to provide basic data for improving the effectiveness of folic acid intervention.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in hospitals and households from June to September in 2009.Face-to-face anonymous questionnaires were distributed to 2094 women,who were pregnant at least three months or postpartum in one year,in two counties of Gansu Province.Results The awareness rate of folic acid was in 62.2% of 2094 pregnant women,and 25.4% of them have taken folic acid.Higher knowledge about folic acid of family members(OR = 0.268,95% CI 0.208-0.346),agreed with taking folic acid by family members(OR = 0.103,95% CI 0.031-0.338),and urging pregnant women to take folic acid by family members(OR = 0.147,95% CI 0.115-0.190) were significant predictors for having folic acid taken by pregnant women.Propagating knowledge related to folic acid(OR = 0.252,95% CI 0.197-0.323)and directing pregnant women to use folic acid(OR = 0.168,95% CI 0.096-0.296) by health care providers were also the important predictors for folic acid intake.Conclusion Family members and health care providers play an important role in affecting the use of folic acid among pregnant women.In order to improve the effectiveness of intervention with folic acid,family members of pregnant women and health care providers should be included into the target population to receive an intensive propaganda campaign on folic acid education to improve the use of folic acid in pregnant women extensively.