2003-2010年中国人群食管癌的流行特征

目的：分析2003～2010年中国人群食管癌死亡的分布特征。方法：采用2003-2010年中国食管癌死亡资料分析标化死亡率的动态变化、城乡差异、性别、年龄分布差异等流行病学特征，通过趋势面分析方法研究其地理分布特征。结果：食管癌发病率从2007年，死亡率从2008年起逐年增加；农村的食管癌死亡人群平均高于城市（15．0／10万），男性平均高于女性（8．7／10万）；死亡率从45岁开始上升，80～84岁达到高峰；地理上食管癌死亡率呈现由华南向华东、东北向华中增加的趋势。结论：我国食管癌发病率和死亡率近年来呈上升趋势；华中、华东和华北地区是我国食管癌的重点防治区域；45岁以上男性人群是食管癌重点防治对象。

The Epidemiological Characteristics of Esophageal Cancer in China from 2003 to 2010

Objective： To analyze the mortality distribution of esophageal cancer in China from 2003 to 2010. Method： The death data of esophageal cancer in China from 2003 to 2010 was used to describe its epidemiological characteristics （the dynamic change of the standardized mortality rate, urban-rural differences, sex and age differences）. The trend-surface analysis was used to study the geographical distribution of the mortality. Results： In China, the incidence rate of esophageal cancer from 2007 and the mortality rate of esophageal cancer from 2008 increased yearly, the countryside was 15.0/105 higher than the city, the male was 8.7/105 higher than the female. Themortality rate increased from 45 years old and reached the peak at 80 to 84 age group, and the geographical analysis showed that the mortality rate increased from Southern China to Eastern China, and from northeast to central China. Conclusion： The incidence rate and the standardized mortality rate of esophageal cancer are rising these years. The regional disease control is focused on the Eastern China, Central China and Northern China for esophageal cancer, and the key object of prevention and treatment is men over the age of 45.