小切口内镜辅助下GRAVES病甲状腺全切除术的技术探讨

目的:探讨以改良Miccoli术式实施Graves病甲状腺全切除术的可行性及相关技术.方法:42例自愿接受甲状腺全切除术的Graves病患者,经前下颈正中3～6 cm(平均4 cm)切口入路,借一机械提吊-调节装置于带状肌下建腔和调整内空间,然后在镜下视野,以高频超声刀为主,特选器械为辅,双械配合操作.术中按顺序式游离-凝闭-切断法直接离断血管,按改良Halsted技术分离甲状旁腺和避开喉返神经.对部分特别肥厚的腺体先行减量性切除.结果:手术全部完成.除2例术后出现可逆性声嘶外,无其它并发症.结论:综合应用基于超声刀的新操作方法和腔室维系及内空间调整技术,通过稍加延长切口和必要时的减量切除,可以采用Miccoli术式安全实施Graves病病变腺体的全切除操作.

Total thyroidectomy with a modified Miccoli's approach for treatment of Graves' disease--feasibility and its applying techniques

OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility and relevant applying techniques of total thyroidectomy for Graves' disease with a modified Miccoli's approach. METHODS: Forty-two patients with Graves' disease consecutively received the radical operation from June 2002 to December 2004.The modification includes: (1) Incision extending according to the degree of lobe enlargement (3-6 cm, average 4 cm); (2) A space maintain-regulating device was used to change dimensionally the volume of working space (mainly height) when specific manipulation needed; (3) A volume-reducing resection step was performed for the gland with degree III hyperplasia by cutting off the middle-inferior part of the lobe prior to endoscopic lobectomy. The approach was designed to mainly use ultrasonically-activated scalpels, with suction-dissector or others as supplementary instruments. During the operations, a method of "sequenced dissect-coagulate-cut" was employed to directly divide all branches of thyroid vessels without ligation or application of hemoclips. RESULTS: All procedures were completed successfully. None of them were converted to open surgery due to uncontrolled bleeding or severe postoperative hematoma. No severe complications occurred, except 2 cases who suffered from temporary hoarseness. CONCLUSION: Total thyroidectomy for Graves' disease can be safely performed with the modified Miccoli's approach by using ultrasonic scalpel and the space maintain-regulating device. Application of these adaptive reforms can obviously reduce the difficulties in manipulation, and thus, make the usage of this minimally invasive design also clinically possible for even radical treatment of the gland.