实习护生患者安全胜任力的现状调查及其影响因素分析*

目的：调查实习护生患者安全胜任力的现状，并分析其影响因素，为开展针对实习护生的患者安全教育和医疗风险培训提供依据。方法：便利选取天津市教学医院308名实习护生为研究对象，采用“患者安全胜任力护理人员自评表”进行横断面调查。结果： 实习护生患者安全胜任力自评得分为（3.70±0.37）分。态度因素、系统因素、知识因素和技能因素4个维度得分分别为（4.22±0.49）分、（3.94±0.51）分、（3.44±0.54）分和（3.41±0.54）分。学历和是否学过患者安全相关内容是实习护生患者安全胜任力的主要影响因素（P<0.05）。结论：实习护生患者安全胜任力总得分处于中等水平。知识因素和技能因素得分偏低。医学院校应为提高护生的患者安全认知开设患者安全教育课程，临床教学医院应通过建立非惩罚性不良事件上报系统并加强患者安全相关教育以提高实习护生的患者安全胜任力。

Investigation and analysis of influencing factors on the safety competency of nursing students

Objective: To investigate the overall situation of patient safety competency of nursing students and analyze the potential influencing factors in order to provide the basis for the patient safety education and medical risk training for nursing students. Methods: Using convenience sampling, 308 nursing students in Tianjin teaching hospital were selected as the research object, and the cross-sectional survey was carried out by using the general data and the self-rating scale of patient safety competency. Results: The average score of patient safety competency for nursing students was （3.70±0.37）, and the scores of 4 dimension: knowledge, system, attitude, skill were respectively（4.22±0.49）,（3.94±0.51）,（3.44±0.54）,（3.41±0.54). Degree and patient safety training were the significant factors (P<0.05). Conclusion: The patient safety competency score of practice nurse was medium. The knowledge, skill factor score is significantly lower. Medical colleges should improve nurse patient safety knowledge, skills and attitudes of patients with open education courses, clinical teaching hospitals should establish a non-punitive adverse event reporting system and enhance education to improve the practice of patient safety competency of nursing students.