社区空巢老人自我健康管理能力与社会支持的相关性研究

目的：了解社区空巢老人自我健康管理能力和社会支持状况，分析两者之间的相关性。方法：采用Barthel指数评定量表、成人健康自我管理能力测评量表和社会支持评定量表对198例社区空巢老人进行问卷调查。结果：社区空巢老人健康自我管理能力总体均分为（152.92±23.12）分。与成人常模得分（153.60±20.21 , n=1 205）比较无统计学差异（t=-0.414, P=0.679）。分量表按标准化得分率由高到低依次为自我管理认知得分、自我管理环境得分、自我管理行为得分；空巢老人社会支持得分为（39.43±8.36）分，高于常模（33.56±7.51）分（t=9.88，P<0.001）；空巢老人健康自我管理能力与社会支持得分呈正相关（r=0.341，P<0.01）。结论：强化对空巢老人的社会支持，可以改善其健康自我管理能力，同时有助于提高其健康状况和生命质量。

Correlation study on self-health management and social support in community elderly empty nesters

objective: To analyze the self-management of health and social support of community elderly empty nesters, and to probe into the correlation between them. Methods: A total of 198 cases of community empty nesters were investigated by questionnaire including Barthel index, the rating scale of health self-management for adults and social support rating scale. Results: The average total score of self-management community elderly empty nesters was （152.92±23.122）.The subscales scores from high to low were self-management of cognitive, self-management of environment and self-management of behavior. The social support score of community elderly empty nesters was（39.43±8.358 ）, which was higher than that of the norm（P<0.01）. The self-management of community elderly empty nesters was positively correlated with their social support score（P<0.01）. Conclusion: To enhance the social support of community elderly empty nesters can help improve their ability of self-management, as well as improving their health status and quality of life.