天津地区季节及节气变化对不同人群血压影响临床观察

[目的]初步探索季节及节气变化对1级高血压、正常高值血压及正常血压受试者血压的影响规律。[方法]同期筛选符合纳入排除标准的1级高血压、正常高值血压及正常血压受试者各10例,记录全年血压数据,按季节、节气建立数据库,运用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析。[结果]1)季节变化对血压的影响:1级高血压组冬季收缩压(SBP)及舒张压(DBP)均较秋季升高(P0.05),春季均较冬季下降(P0.01);夏季SBP较春季下降(P0.05),秋季较夏季升高(P0.05)。正常高值血压组冬季SBP较秋季升高(P0.01),夏季较春季下降(P0.01),夏秋季节变化不明显(P0.05)。正常血压组SBP及DBP四季间均无明显变化(P0.05)。2)节气变化对血压的影响:1级高血压组SBP在霜降至立冬、立冬至小雪、冬至至小寒、立春至雨水节气交替时波动明显(P0.05),DBP在立冬至小雪、立春至雨水节气变化时波动明显(P0.05);正常高值血压组SBP在小寒至大寒的节气变化时也有明显波动(P0.05);正常血压组SBP、DBP在各节气转化时均较平稳(P0.05)。[结论]1级高血压、正常高值血压者的血压呈现季节性变化,总体呈春降、夏低、秋平、冬高的规律;1级高血压者血压在冬、春季节变化时波动明显,特别是在立冬、小雪、小寒、雨水节气到来时要加强血压管理。

Clinical observation of seasonal and 24 Chinese solar terms' changes on blood pressure in different blood pressure subjects in Tianjin

[Objective] Preliminary study on the effects of seasons and Chinese solar terms on blood pressure in subjects with grade 1 hypertension, normal high blood pressure and normal blood pressure.[Methods] Ten subjects fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria went into grade 1 hypertension group, normal high blood pressure group and normal blood pressure group separately in each group. Investigators requested subjects to record data of blood pressure in the whole year and corresponding seasons as well as Chinese solar terms. SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis.[Results] 1) The effects of seasons on blood pressure:Both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in grade 1 hypertension group were rising significantly (P<0.05) in winter by comparison with autumn, while the data in spring were declining compared with winter (P<0.01). SBP was decreasing in summer by comparison with spring (P<0.05), and was increasing in autumn by comparison with summer (P<0.05). SBP in normal high blood pressure group was rising in winter than in autumn (P<0.01), declining in summer than in spring (P<0.01). In normal blood pressure group, all SBP and DBP in all seasons were not fluctuating statistically significant (P>0.05). 2) The effects of Chines solar terms on blood pressure:in grade 1 hypertension group, SBP was fluctuating significantly in the following periods:Shuangjiang to Lidong, Lidong to Xiaoxue, Dongzhi to Xiaohan, and Lichun to Yushui (P<0.05), DBP was fluctuating significantly in the following periods:Lidong to Xiaoxue, and Lichun to Yushui (P<0.05). In normal high blood pressure group, SBP was fluctuating in the period of Xiaohan to Dahan (P<0.05). Both SBP and DBP in normal blood pressure group were not statistically changed in all Chines solar terms changing periods (P>0.05).[Conclusion] Blood pressure are seasonal changed in both grade 1 hypertension and normal high blood pressure subjects, and the regular pattern is decreasing in spring, lower in summer, stable in autumn and higher in winter. Fluctuations of blood pressure in grade 1 hypertension group are obvious in winter and spring. The study indicated that grade 1 hypertension patients should pay more attention to blood pressure management on Lidong, Xiaoxue, Xiaohan and Yushui.