慢性气道炎症性疾病的下呼吸道细菌负荷

近年来,由于慢性气道和肺部疾病患者生存率的提高、痰监测频率增加以及新的分子技术应用于微生物的鉴定,人们发现既往认为无菌的下呼吸道竟然寄居着大量微生物.这些微生物不仅出现在慢性气道和肺部疾病的急性加重期或急性发作期,稳定期甚至正常健康人群也可检测到.微生态多样性和构成的改变与某些慢性气道和肺部疾病密切相关.本文着重介绍COPD、支气管哮喘、支气管扩张症及特发性肺纤维化的菌群多样性及构成变化.

Bacterial load of lower respiratory tract in patients with chronic inflammatory airway diseases

For the past few years,owing to improved survival of patients with chronic airway and lung diseases,increased sputum surveillance and application of new molecular techniques for the identification of microorganisms,we have come to known that the lower respiratory tract is not sterile,but harbors numerous diverse microbes.Microbes emerged not only in exacerbations of chronic airway and lung diseases,but also in clinical stable patients and health people.Change of microbial community diversity and composition is closely related to some chronic airway and lung diseases.This review focuses on bacterial diversity and composition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,asthma,bronchiectasis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.