两种鼻饲肠内营养法治疗重型颅脑损伤患者并发症的对比观察及护理措施

目的 探讨两种鼻饲肠内营养法治疗重型颅脑损伤患者的并发症发生情况及护理措施.方法 选取该院2014年9月~2016年9月收治的重型颅脑损伤患者160例,随机分为营养输注泵鼻饲肠内营养法组(研究组80例)和传统鼻饲肠内营养法组(对照组80例)两组,对两组患者的血糖水平、高血糖发生情况及发生时间、并发症发生情况进行统计分析.结果 两组患者治疗后的血糖水平显著低于治疗前(P<0.05),治疗前后两组患者的血糖水平之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组患者的高血糖发生率、高血糖发生时间的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);研究组患者的呕吐、反流、腹泻、便秘发生率均显著低于对照组(均P<0.05),但两组患者的吸入性肺炎发生率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 营养输注泵鼻饲肠内营养法治疗重型颅脑损伤患者的并发症发生率较传统鼻饲肠内营养法低,值得在临床推广使用.

The comparison of the complications of patients with severe craniocerebral injury treated by two types of nasal feeding and enteral nutrition and nursing measures

Objective To explore the comparison of the complications of patients with severe craniocerebral inju-ry treated by two types of nasal feeding and enteral nutrition and nursing measures.Methods A total of 160 cases of pa-tients with severe head injury in this hospital from September 2014 to September 2016 were selected and were randomly di-vided into two groups: the nutritional method group (80 cases in the study group) and the traditional nasal feeding and enteral nutrition group(80 cases in the control group). The blood glucose level, hyperglycemia and occurrence time and complications of the two groups were statistically analyzed. Results The blood glucose levels of the two groups were sig-nificantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in terms of the blood glucose levels between the two groups before and after treatment (P>0.05). The incidence of hyperglycemia and hyperglycemia of the two groups were not significant (P>0.05). The incidence of vomiting, reflux, diarrhea and constipation of the study group was significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). However, the incidence of aspiration pneumonia of the two groups was not significant (P>0.05).Conclusions The incidence of complications of patients with severe craniocerebral injury by the nutritional method is lower than that by the traditional nasal feeding intestines, and it is worth clinic appllication and promotion.