双胎妊娠的产前筛查与产前诊断

随着近二十年辅助生殖技术的发展及不孕夫妇对不孕症治疗年限较长，双胎及高龄双胎孕妇数量逐年增加。伴随而来的双胎妊娠的产前筛查问题成为当今的一个热点。双胎妊娠较单胎妊娠而言，产前筛查与产前诊断难度更大。近30年来，随着母胎血清学、超声技术及非侵入性产前筛查技术的发展，产前筛查与产前诊断发生了显著的变化。

Prenatal Screening and Diagnosis of Twin Pregnancies

Compared with single pregnancy, twin pregnancy meets more difficulties in terms of the prenatal screening and the prenatal diagnosis which is also a research hotspot at present. The modern technologies in the serum markers of fetal, ultrasonic application and non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) remarkably promoted the prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis. The combined method of serum screening and ultrasound screening is significative for those twin pregnancies in the first trimester as a subsidiarity, while the ultrasound screening is helpful for the fetal deformity screening of those twin pregnancies in the second and last trimester. There have been more and more reports on the application of NIPT in the twin pregnancy. The application of invasive prenatal screening, including amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling, will be less and less due to the risks of fetal loss and potential infection, although it is still used as a conclusive method. With the application and development of modern technologies of prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis, the prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis of twin pregnancy will be more dependable in the near future.