ICU患者中心静脉导管堵塞的相关因素研究

目的 探讨ICU患者中心静脉导管堵塞的影响因素,为降低导管堵塞风险及提高护理质量提供循证证据.方法 采用自行设计《中心静脉导管调查表》和《中心静脉导管评估表》对209例ICU患者置管情况进行调查.结果 209例患者中有39例发生堵塞,堵塞率为18.66%.多因素分析结果表明,股静脉置管、中心静脉压>13mmHg是中心静脉导管堵塞的危险因素.附加装置正压输液接头为保护因素.结论 ICU患者中心静脉导管堵塞的发生与其置管部位、留置时间、封管液种类、附加装置类别、微量泵泵速、患者年龄、中心静脉压、凝血酶原时间、血小板数量、输液种类以及穿刺次数密切相关.其中股静脉置管和中心静脉压>13mmHg是中心静脉导管堵塞的危险因素,正压输液接头为保护因素.为降低中心静脉导管堵塞的风险,临床工作中应综合考虑以上相关因素,做好预见性护理.

Investigation on the related factors of central venous catheter congestion of ICU pa-tients

Objective To explore the influencing factors of central venous catheter blockage for patients in ICU to provide evidence for reducing the risk of catheter clogging and improving nursing quality.Methods A self-de-signed central venous catheter questionnaire and central venous catheter assessment table were used to investigate the catheterization of 209 patients in ICU.Results There were 39 clogging cases among the 209 cases of patients, the plugging rate was 18.66%.The Results of multi-factor analysis showed that the risk factors for central venous catheter blockage were the femoral vein catheterization and central venous pressure >13 mmHg. The attachment of the attached device was the protective factor.Conclusions Central venous catheter jam of ICU patients closely related to the catheter site, the indwelling time, the type of liquid seal tube, additional device categories, micropump pumping speed, pa-tient age, central venous pressure, prothrombin time, platelet number, type of infusion and puncture times. Among them, the femoral vein catheter and central venous pressure >13 mmHg are the risk factors for central venous catheter blockage,and the positive pressure infusion connector is the protective factor. In order to reduce the risk of central ve-nous catheter blockage,the related factors should be taken into account for the clinical work.