妊娠期牙龈炎的临床指数和风险因素

牙龈炎会增加不良妊娠的风险,导致孕妇早产和流产以及新生儿低体重.牙龈指数和牙周袋深度在整个妊娠期明显增高,探诊出血在妊娠期增高不明显,临床附着丧失在妊娠期的变化迄今尚不确定,菌斑指数在整个妊娠期及产后均波动较小且维持较低水平.孕妇机体内的性激素血浆浓度可达非孕妇水平的10倍,高浓度的性激素可增加地诺前列酮和白细胞介素-6等炎症递质的产生,从而加重妊娠期牙龈炎症.由于孕妇的身体状况特殊,因此妊娠期牙龈炎的治疗难度较一般牙龈炎大.预防措施主要是积极宣传口腔保健知识,让孕妇保持良好的口腔卫生状况,以降低发病率.探究妊娠期牙龈炎的发生发展规律,可为临床医生提供参考,帮助其减轻或消除妊娠期牙龈炎症状,保障孕妇和胎儿的身体健康.

Clinical parameters and risk factors of pregnancy gingivitis

Gingivitis can increase the risk of adverse pregnancy,which leads to premature delivery,abortion,and low newborn bodyweight.During pregnancy,gingival index and periodontal pocket depth increase,whereas bleeding on probing doesnot show asignificant increase.The change of clinical attachment loss has not been clear.Plaque index shows less fluctuation and keeps at a low level during pregnancy and after delivery.The plasma concentration of the sex hormone in pregnant women is 10 times as much as that of non-pregnant women.The high plasma concentration of the sex hormone can increase the production of inflammation mediators,such as dinoprostone and interleukin(IL)-6,which increase the degree of inflammatory response.The treatment of pregnancy gingivitis faces more challenges than ordinary gingivitis because of a special systematic condition.Precautions include promoting oral hygiene and instructing pregnant women to keep good oral health to reduce the incidence rate.Clinicians can be provided with references on how to relieve and eliminate gingivitis symptoms and guarantee pregnant women and their baby's health by exploring the occurrence and development of pregnancy gingivitis.