郑州市建华小区老年人卫生知识及健康状况调查

目的 了解老年人的卫生知识水平、健康现状、健康期望寿命及独立期望寿命。方法 用问卷法调查1041名≥60岁老年人卫生知识水平、收听收看卫生节目、日常生活能力、几种常见病患病情况；采用简略寿命表计算老年人年龄、性别、老年人及患病老年人健康期望寿命和独立期望寿命。结果 本组老年人整体卫生知识水平偏低；干部、经常收听、收视卫生节目的老年人卫生知识水平好于其他人群；随着年龄增长。几种常见病患病率增加。生活自理能力下降；健康期望寿命及独立期望寿命缩短(患病老年人比同年龄段老年人更短)。结论 开展有效的健康教育，提高人群卫生知识水平。预防和早期发现、治疗常见病，有利于延长老年人健康期望寿命和独立期望寿命，提高老年人生存质量。

An Investigation on Health Status and Health Knowledge of the Elderly in Jianhua Community of Zhengzhou City

Objective To understand the level of health knowledge, health status, active life expectancy and independent life expectancy in the elderly. Methods Questionnaire was given to 1 041 people above 60 years old, and their knowledge about health, daily life activity, the conditions of watching and listening to audio and video health programs and the common illness status were investigated. Abridged life table was used to calculate active life expectancy and independent life expectancy by age, gender. Results The level of health knowledge was low among the elderly. Cadres and those who were a little younger and often watched health programs had a higher health knowledge level than others. The morbidity of common illness was increased with age. Active life expectancy and independent life expectancy were shortened with the decrease of daily life activity. The indicators of elderly who fell ill were worse than the healthy elderly with the same age. Conclusion To provide effective health education so as to improve the health knowledge level, find out and treat common illness early, these strategies will help prolong the active life expectancy and independent life expectancy, and promote health quality of the elderly.