非小细胞肺癌中EGFR和K-ras基因突变检测分析与病理特征的关系

目的探讨不同分型非小细胞肺癌的EGFR与K-ras基因突变及其相关病理特征的关系。方法基因测序方法检测260例非小细胞肺肿瘤患者肿瘤组织中的EGFR(18,19,20,21外显子)和K-ras(12,13,61密码子)基因的突变。结果 260例样本中,EGFR基因突变检出率为48.8%(127/260),突变主要集中在19号外显子的缺失和21号外显子的点突变。K-ras基因突变检出率为10%(26/260),其中12、13和61密码子均发现突变。受检的所有样本中没有发现EGFR与K-ras基因同时出现突变的情况。腺癌的EGFR突变检出率明显高于鳞状细胞癌等其他组织类型。在分化程度上,高分化与中分化癌基因突变检出率和中分化与低分化突变检出率比较差异显著(P<0.01)。EGFR突变与有无淋巴结转移无关(P>0.05)。K-ras基因突变与组织类型、患者性别、分化程度、有无淋巴结转移间无相关性。结论非小细胞肺癌EGFR基因突变检出率较高,K-ras基因突变检出率较低,且两种突变并不同时出现。EGFR基因突变与性别、肺癌组织类型、分化程度有关,存在多种突变。

EGFR and K-ras gene mutation detection and their relationship with pathological characteristics in non-small cell lung cancer

Objective To investigate the gene mutations of EGFR and K-ras in different types of non-small cell lung cancer,and the relationship between mutations and pathological characteristics.Methods Gene sequencing was used to detect the EGFR(exons 18,19,20,21) and K-ras(codons 12,13,61)gene mutation status from 260 patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Results In 260 cases,the frequency of EGFR mutations was 48.8%(127/260),which were mainly located in exon 19 with the pattern of deletion mutation and did not point mutation existed in exon 21.The frequency of K-ras mutations was 10%(26/260),which were found in codons 12,13 and 61.The both mutations of EGFR and K-ras had not been detected in any cases.Compared with squamous cell carcinoma and other types of lung cancers,EGFR mutation rate was higher in adenocarcinoma.Gene mutation in EGFR was correlative with the differentiation(P<0.01).There was no association between mutation of EGFR and lymph node metastasis.No correlation was found between K-ras mutations and the gender,the differentiation and lymph node metastasis.Conclusions The detection rate of EGFR mutation is higher in China than in other countries.The detection rate of K-ras mutation is lower in Chinese.The mutation in EGFR and K-ras does not present at the same time.The mutation in EGFR of the lung cancer is related to gender,tissue type and differentiation.There are many types of mutations in EGFR.