Substance use disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A review of recent developments

Despite the increased risk of substance use disorders (SUDs) on individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the mechanism of risk remains unclear. Given the high prevalence of ADHD in patients receiving treatment for addiction, all patients in treatment for SUDs should be screened for ADHD. Clinicians should develop skills in the use of appropriate instruments, including rating scales, as well as the assessment for developmentally appropriate manifestations and impairments associated with adolescent and adult forms of ADHD. Medication should never be provided in isolation from psychosocial treatment directed at the patient’s SUD.