失效模式及效应分析在住院患者静脉采血中的应用

目的运用失效模式及效应分析（FMEA）对住院患者静脉采血流程进行改造，以减少静脉采血缺陷的发生。方法根据FMEA方法，成立流程改进工作小组，列出静脉采血的流程，指出子流程下可能导致差错的环节及原因，提出优先解决的问题及流程整改方案，跟踪整改的成效。结果流程改进后失效模式的风险优先数值及静脉采血缺陷发生率显著下降（P〈0．05）。结论FMEA作为一种风险管理工具，能前瞻性地发现流程中潜在的漏洞，降低静脉采血过程中缺陷的发生率，确保医疗护理安全，减少医疗护理纠纷事故发生，从而充分发挥系统防御对缺陷的屏蔽功能作用。

Application of the failure mode and effect analysis on venous blood collection for hospital patients

Objective Explore the effect of the failure mode and effect analysis （FMEA） on venous blood collection for hospital patientsi Methods According to the methods of FMEA , establish a task group to improve and make a list of blood collection process, points out the sub-processes which may lead to incorrect link and reasons, and then present the priority problem and improvement project. Compare t~ ~sk priority number of the failure mode and venous sampling defects rates before and after improving the process. Result The risk priority~num- ber of the failure mode and venous sampling defects rates after improving the process were significantly reduced. Conclusion As a risldman- agement tool, FMEA can foresee the oversight of the process reduce venous sampling defects rates, guarantee the safety of medical work, reduce the occurrence of medical disputes, consequently express the shielding function of the defense system.